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Agaricus Blazei Extract

Also known as: Almond mushroom, Brazilian mushroom, Cogumelo do Sol, *Agaricus blazei*

Overview

*Agaricus blazei*, also known as the almond mushroom or Brazilian mushroom, is a fungal species native to Brazil and commonly used for its medicinal benefits. It is rich in polysaccharides, including dextran, mannan, and various bioactive compounds such as proteoglucans and linoleic acid. Traditionally consumed as food, this mushroom has gained attention for its potential immunomodulatory, anticancer, and antimicrobial properties. Although research is primarily preclinical with a few clinical studies, the existing evidence points towards significant immunological effects and promising therapeutic applications. As a dietary supplement, *Agaricus blazei* is utilized in various forms, including aqueous and ethanolic extracts, to harness its health benefits. However, the need for more rigorous clinical trials continues to be emphasized to establish its efficacy and safety for broader use.

Benefits

*Agaricus blazei* offers several evidence-based benefits: - **Immunomodulation**: Enhances immune response through increased splenocyte proliferation and NK cell activity, as evidenced in studies on BALB/c mice showing significant improvements in immune markers. - **Antimicrobial Properties**: Exhibits activity against Gram-positive bacteria, with more consistent results observed in vivo. Research indicates its effectiveness against pathogens like *Streptococcus pneumoniae*, contributing to potential therapeutic uses. - **Anticancer Effects**: The extract, especially the proteoglucan FA-2-b-β, has demonstrated the ability to induce apoptosis in cancer cells (up to 81% in chronic myeloid leukemia cells), suggesting potential as an adjunct therapy for cancer. - **Anti-Obesity Effects**: Reduces body weight gain and improves metabolic parameters in animal models, showing efficacy in treatments for obesity. Overall, populations with compromised immune systems or those undergoing cancer treatment may benefit significantly from *Agaricus blazei* supplementation.

How it works

*Agaricus blazei* exerts its biological effects primarily by modulating the immune system. It enhances the activity of NK cells and macrophages, crucial components of the innate immune response, while influencing cytokine production. Notably, it increases levels of IL-6 and IFN-γ, promoting a Th1-type immune response, and may reduce IL-4 levels, shifting immune balance towards inflammation resolution. Proteoglucan compounds, particularly FA-2-b-β, play a significant role in activating immune cells and inducing apoptosis in tumor cells through specific signaling pathways, demonstrating its multitarget effects on both innate and adaptive immunity.

Side effects

The overall safety profile of *Agaricus blazei* is generally deemed favorable with no significant adverse effects reported in various studies. However, comprehensive long-term safety data is still lacking. Common side effects have not been well-documented, and reports of uncommon effects are rare. Although serious reactions are not noted, individuals using immunosuppressive medications should exercise caution due to its immunomodulatory effects. Likewise, those with autoimmune diseases should consult a healthcare professional before use. Pregnant or nursing women are advised to talk to their healthcare provider, as specific safety data in these populations are sparse.

Dosage

The minimum effective dose of *Agaricus blazei* extract varies, with studies suggesting that as low as 3 mg/kg/day may achieve immunomodulatory effects in animal studies. For human applications, optimal dosages may correspond to several hundred milligrams per day, particularly for metabolic health improvements. While there is no firmly established maximum safe dose, studies have utilized doses up to several grams daily without adverse effects. Consistent daily intake is recommended to maintain effects, and the choice of extract form (aqueous or ethanolic) may influence absorption. Lastly, while no co-factors are strictly necessary, maintaining a balanced diet may support absorption.

FAQs

Is *Agaricus blazei* safe?

*Agaricus blazei* is generally considered safe; however, long-term use and interactions with medications warrant further study.

How should I take *Agaricus blazei*?

Daily supplementation is common, but specific timing is not required. Consistent use yields better results.

What benefits can I expect?

Expect enhanced immune function, potential anticancer effects, and improvements in metabolic health, though individual responses may vary.

Is it a cure for diseases?

*Agaricus blazei* is not a cure-all; it's a supplement that may support overall health and immune function.

Research Sources

https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/immunology/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2020.01238/full – This study demonstrated that an aqueous extract of *A. brasiliensis*, closely related to *A. blazei*, improved survival and immune response in septic mice, emphasizing the need for further research on its immunomodulatory properties.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19779112/ – The research outlines the immunomodulatory effects of *Agaricus blazei* extract observed in BALB/c mice, revealing significant increases in NK cell and macrophage activity along with cytokine modulation.
https://www.scielo.br/j/rbfar/a/8St7yBCsYMBjTwZsjCkLg8k/?lang=en – This review covered the antimicrobial properties of *Agaricus blazei*, showcasing its effectiveness against several Gram-positive bacteria and highlighting the quality variations across different studies.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23592663/ – In this study, dietary supplementation with *Agaricus blazei* significantly influenced weight and metabolic parameters in Wistar rats, providing insight into its anti-obesity effects.
https://www.spandidos-publications.com/10.3892/ol.2020.12133 – This in vitro study indicated that *Agaricus blazei* extract induces significant apoptosis in chronic myeloid leukemia cells, confirming its potential anticancer properties.