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Andrographis Extract

Also known as: Andrographis paniculata, King of Bitters, Chuan Xin Lian

Overview

Andrographis paniculata, commonly known as King of Bitters, is a plant native to Asia widely used in traditional Ayurvedic and Chinese medicine. It is characterized by its bitter taste and is often employed for its potential health benefits. The primary active compound in Andrographis is andrographolide, which has been extensively studied for its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and immunomodulatory properties. This herbal supplement is frequently used to alleviate symptoms of upper respiratory tract infections (ARTIs), reduce fever, and act as an anti-inflammatory agent. Andrographis paniculata is available in various forms, including capsules, tablets, and extracts. Research on Andrographis is ongoing, with studies exploring its efficacy and safety for various health conditions. While some high-quality systematic reviews and meta-analyses exist, the quality of available evidence varies, necessitating cautious interpretation of study results.

Benefits

Andrographis paniculata is primarily recognized for providing symptomatic relief of acute respiratory tract infections (ARTIs). Research suggests it may reduce the duration and severity of symptoms associated with ARTIs in both adults and children. A systematic review and meta-analysis of 33 RCTs involving 7175 patients indicated that Andrographis is beneficial for symptomatic relief of ARTIs, although the findings should be interpreted cautiously due to study quality issues. Additionally, Andrographis exhibits potential anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects, which may contribute to its therapeutic benefits. However, further research is needed to confirm these secondary effects and to fully elucidate the mechanisms of action.

How it works

Andrographis paniculata exerts its effects through multiple biological pathways. Its primary active compound, andrographolide, is believed to interact with various molecular targets, including NF-κB and other inflammatory mediators, resulting in anti-inflammatory and antioxidant actions. Andrographis may also possess immunomodulatory properties, influencing the body's immune response. While limited data exists on the bioavailability of andrographolide, it is known to be absorbed orally. The precise mechanisms by which Andrographis interacts with body systems are still under investigation, but its effects on immune and inflammatory pathways are considered significant contributors to its therapeutic benefits.

Side effects

Andrographis paniculata is generally considered safe for consumption, but it can cause adverse events (AEs) in some individuals. The most common side effects include gastrointestinal disorders such as nausea and diarrhea. Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders have also been reported, though less frequently. Serious adverse events are rare, but anaphylaxis has been reported with andrographolide derivatives. Due to limited data, caution is advised when using Andrographis with other medications, as potential drug interactions may occur. It is contraindicated in pregnancy and breastfeeding due to insufficient safety data. Individuals with known allergies or hypersensitivities should also exercise caution. Monitoring for gastrointestinal and skin-related side effects is recommended during Andrographis supplementation.

Dosage

The typical dosage of Andrographis paniculata extract ranges from 300 to 1200 mg per day. For most applications, an optimal dosage range is between 300 and 600 mg per day. The maximum safe dose is not well established, but doses above 1200 mg per day are less commonly studied. Andrographis is usually taken orally, often with meals to reduce gastrointestinal side effects. It is commonly available in capsule or tablet form. Food intake may enhance the bioavailability of Andrographis. There are no specifically identified required cofactors for its use. Individuals should consult with a healthcare provider to determine the appropriate dosage based on their specific health needs and conditions.

FAQs

Is Andrographis paniculata safe to use?

Andrographis is generally safe, but monitor for gastrointestinal and skin side effects. Discontinue use if adverse reactions occur and consult a healthcare provider.

When is the best time to take Andrographis?

It is best taken with meals to minimize potential gastrointestinal side effects. Follow the dosage instructions provided on the product label or as directed by a healthcare provider.

How long does it take to see results with Andrographis for ARTIs?

Symptom relief in ARTIs is typically observed within a few days of treatment initiation. However, individual responses may vary. Consult a healthcare provider if symptoms persist or worsen.

Can Andrographis replace medical treatment?

No, Andrographis is not a substitute for medical treatment. Consult a healthcare provider before use, especially if you have underlying health conditions or are taking other medications.

Research Sources

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33372366/ – This systematic review and meta-analysis of ten RCTs and three intensive monitoring studies found that common nonserious adverse events (AEs) associated with Andrographis paniculata include gastrointestinal and skin disorders. Serious AEs were rare, but the study was limited by study quality and heterogeneity, resulting in a moderate quality assessment.
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/pds.5190 – This systematic review and meta-analysis, encompassing thirty-three RCTs with 7175 patients, indicated that Andrographis paniculata is beneficial for symptomatic relief of acute respiratory tract infections (ARTIs). However, the findings should be interpreted cautiously due to issues with study quality and heterogeneity, leading to a moderate quality assessment.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35153776/ – This systematic review of 262 clinical studies reported that andrographolide derivatives can cause life-threatening adverse events (AEs), although such occurrences are rare. The review also noted that herbal preparations of Andrographis paniculata are generally safe, but the study's quality was limited by the inclusion of only studies reporting AEs.
https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/pharmacology/articles/10.3389/fphar.2022.773282/full – This research article provides a comprehensive overview of Andrographis paniculata, detailing its traditional uses, chemical constituents, and pharmacological activities. It highlights the potential of andrographolide, the main active compound, in various therapeutic applications, including its anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects.
https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0181780 – This study investigates the efficacy of Andrographis paniculata extract (KalmCold) for symptomatic relief of upper respiratory tract infections. The results suggest that KalmCold is effective in reducing the severity and duration of symptoms, supporting its use as a natural remedy for common cold and flu-like illnesses.