Angelica Archangelica Root Extract
Also known as: Angelica archangelica L., Garden angelica, Wild celery, Norwegian angelica, Angelica archangelica root extract
Overview
Angelica archangelica root extract is derived from the root of the Angelica archangelica plant, a biennial herb with a history in European herbal medicine and cuisine. The root contains bioactive compounds like angelicin, terpenes, and flavonoids. It's primarily used for its potential medicinal properties, including anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antitumor, antiseizure, and anxiolytic effects. Research maturity is moderate, with preclinical and early clinical studies, but high-quality human trials are limited. Evidence quality varies, with a predominance of in vitro and animal studies and few rigorous randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in humans. The extract is available in various forms, including tinctures, capsules, and powders. Historically, it has been used in traditional medicine for digestive issues, respiratory ailments, and as a general tonic. However, modern research is needed to validate these traditional uses.
Benefits
Angelica archangelica root extract demonstrates antitumor activity in preclinical studies, inducing apoptosis in breast cancer cell lines via mitochondrial pathways. Essential oil from the root has shown antiseizure effects in mouse models, reducing seizure duration and mortality, though motor impairment was noted at antiseizure doses. Animal studies suggest anxiolytic effects, but human data are lacking. Extracts have also been associated with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial properties, primarily based on in vitro or animal studies. Extracts of A. archangelica leaves (not root) have been marketed for nocturia and overactive bladder symptoms, but clinical evidence is preliminary.
How it works
Angelica archangelica root extract's antitumor effects involve inducing apoptosis in cancer cells via mitochondrial pathway modulation, possibly mediated by angelicin and other coumarins. The antiseizure activity of the essential oil may be due to terpenes modulating neuronal excitability. Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects likely arise from flavonoids and phenolic compounds, which scavenge free radicals and modulate inflammatory pathways. Bioavailability data are limited, but essential oils and coumarins are generally lipophilic and absorbed via the gastrointestinal tract.
Side effects
Angelica archangelica root extract is generally considered safe in traditional use, but specific safety data on root extract in humans are limited. Motor impairment was observed in animal seizure models at effective doses. Potential phototoxicity due to furanocoumarins like angelicin is a theoretical risk. Potential interactions with CNS depressants or anticonvulsants may occur. It is contraindicated in pregnancy and lactation due to lack of safety data. Photosensitivity risk may contraindicate use in individuals exposed to sunlight. Caution is advised when using this supplement.
Dosage
No standardized dosing for Angelica archangelica root extract has been established due to limited clinical trials. Animal studies used essential oil doses effective in seizure models, but human equivalent doses are not defined. Traditional use involves tinctures or decoctions, but clinical efficacy and safety at these doses remain unverified. Due to the lack of established safe dosages, it is crucial to consult with a healthcare professional before using this extract.
FAQs
Is Angelica archangelica root extract effective for cancer or seizures in humans?
Current evidence is preclinical; no high-quality human RCTs confirm efficacy for cancer or seizures. More research is needed.
Are there risks of side effects?
Motor impairment and potential photosensitivity are concerns; human safety data are insufficient. Use with caution and monitor for adverse effects.
Can it be used for anxiety or urinary symptoms?
Some animal data support anxiolytic effects; urinary symptom benefits are suggested but unproven in rigorous trials. Consult a healthcare professional.
Is it safe to use during pregnancy or breastfeeding?
No, it should be avoided during pregnancy and breastfeeding due to a lack of safety data. Consult a healthcare professional.
Research Sources
- https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30799248/ – This in vitro study demonstrated that crude extract of A. archangelica root (CEAA) exhibited cytotoxic effects against breast cancer cell lines, inducing apoptosis via mitochondrial pathways. The study suggests selective antitumor potential, though the evidence is preclinical and requires further validation.
- https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3003174/ – This animal study found that essential oil from the root reduced seizure duration and mortality in mouse models of maximal electroshock and pentylenetetrazol-induced seizures. However, motor impairment was noted at antiseizure doses, indicating a narrow therapeutic window. The study suggests potential antiseizure activity but highlights safety concerns.
- https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0944711321001951 – This source is an abstract for an article discussing the phytochemistry, biological activities, and potential applications of Angelica archangelica. It highlights the presence of various bioactive compounds and their associated health benefits, including antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. Further research is needed to validate these findings in human studies.
- https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.3233/ADR-200211 – This source is a study on the effects of a herbal medicine containing Angelica archangelica on lower urinary tract symptoms. The study suggests potential benefits for nocturia and overactive bladder symptoms, possibly due to flavonoids like isoquercitrin. However, the clinical evidence is preliminary and requires further validation.
- https://www.verywellhealth.com/angelica-root-8725347 – This is a general overview of Angelica root, discussing its traditional uses and potential health benefits. It mentions its use for digestive issues, respiratory ailments, and as a general tonic. The article emphasizes the need for more research to confirm these traditional uses and establish safe dosages.
