Angelica Pubescens Extract
Also known as: Angelica pubescens Maxim. f. biserrata Shan et Yuan, Du Huo, Pubescent Angelica, Angelica pubescens
Overview
Angelica pubescens extract is derived from the root of the Angelica pubescens plant, a botanical traditionally used in Chinese Medicine (TCM) for its anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties, particularly in treating rheumatic conditions and pain syndromes. It contains bioactive compounds such as coumarins and phthalides. While research on Angelica pubescens specifically is less abundant than on related species like Angelica sinensis, it is believed to share some therapeutic potential. The evidence base includes in vitro, animal, and some human studies, but high-quality clinical trials focusing solely on Angelica pubescens are limited. It is primarily recognized for its potential to alleviate joint pain and inflammation, though its full spectrum of effects and optimal usage require further dedicated research.
Benefits
Angelica pubescens extract is traditionally used for its anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects, particularly in alleviating joint pain and inflammation associated with arthritis and rheumatism. While direct high-quality clinical trials on Angelica pubescens are scarce, evidence from related Angelica species, particularly Angelica sinensis, suggests broader benefits. These include potential renoprotective effects, as shown in a cohort study where Angelica sinensis reduced mortality and improved renal outcomes in chronic kidney disease patients. Furthermore, preclinical and some small clinical studies on Angelica sinensis compounds indicate possible anti-cancer potential, including apoptosis induction in breast and endometrial cancer cells, and neuroprotective effects in ischemic stroke models, mediated by anti-inflammatory and antioxidant pathways. However, these benefits are largely extrapolated from related species or multi-herbal formulations, and direct evidence for Angelica pubescens alone is needed to confirm these effects.
How it works
The therapeutic actions of Angelica pubescens are attributed to its primary bioactive compounds, including phthalides (e.g., Z-ligustilide), coumarins, and ferulic acid derivatives. These compounds are believed to modulate inflammatory pathways by inhibiting pro-inflammatory cytokines and reducing oxidative stress markers. They may also contribute to tissue repair and protection by promoting angiogenesis and neurogenesis. At a molecular level, these compounds can interact with various signaling pathways, including those involved in inflammation, oxidative stress, and cell apoptosis. The absorption and bioavailability of these compounds vary, with lipophilic phthalides showing moderate oral bioavailability but rapid metabolism.
Side effects
Angelica pubescens extract is generally considered safe when used in traditional doses, with adverse effects being rare and typically mild. While not well-documented, potential side effects may include gastrointestinal discomfort or allergic reactions. There are no significant drug interactions conclusively reported for Angelica pubescens specifically, but caution is advised when combining it with anticoagulants or immunosuppressants due to the potential for additive effects, based on observations with related Angelica species. Angelica pubescens is contraindicated during pregnancy and breastfeeding due to insufficient safety data. Special populations, such as cancer patients, should consult healthcare providers before use, as there is a theoretical potential for interactions with chemotherapy agents, although evidence is limited.
Dosage
There is no standardized dosing established specifically for Angelica pubescens extract due to a lack of dedicated clinical trials. Traditional use involves decoctions of 3-9 grams of dried root daily. For extract formulations, dosages can vary widely, and clinical studies on related species like Angelica sinensis have used doses ranging from 3 to 10 grams equivalent. Optimal dosing requires further randomized controlled trials to establish efficacy and safety for specific conditions. The timing of administration and the formulation (e.g., aqueous vs. ethanol extracts) can also significantly affect bioavailability and therapeutic outcomes. Upper limits and safety thresholds for Angelica pubescens have not been definitively established.
FAQs
Is Angelica pubescens effective for arthritis pain?
Traditional use and some clinical evidence from related species support its potential for arthritis pain, but high-quality randomized controlled trials specifically on Angelica pubescens are currently lacking to confirm its efficacy.
Can Angelica pubescens be used safely with conventional medications?
Generally, it can be used, but caution is recommended when combined with blood thinners or immunomodulators due to potential additive effects, though significant interactions are not well-documented for Angelica pubescens itself.
How soon do benefits appear when taking Angelica pubescens?
Traditional use suggests that consistent use over several weeks may be necessary to observe benefits. Clinical data are insufficient to specify a precise time course for its effects.
Does Angelica pubescens increase cancer risk?
Current evidence, primarily from Angelica sinensis, suggests no increased cancer risk. Some compounds within Angelica species may even possess anti-cancer properties, sensitizing cancer cells to apoptosis.
Research Sources
- https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12103411/ – This meta-analysis reviewed randomized controlled trials on Angelica sinensis-containing compounds used as adjuncts to chemotherapy for endometrial cancer. It found that these multi-herbal formulations improved quality of life and immune function, but conclusions about the isolated effect of Angelica sinensis were limited due to its inclusion in complex formulas.
- https://www.xiahepublishing.com/m/2835-6357/FIM-2023-00002 – This systematic review focused on Angelica sinensis in breast cancer. It concluded that there is no evidence that Angelica sinensis increases breast cancer risk. Furthermore, some compounds within Angelica sinensis were found to sensitize cancer cells to apoptosis, suggesting potential safety and adjunctive benefits.
- https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/pharmacology/articles/10.3389/fphar.2023.1153583/full – This cohort study, involving over 1000 participants, investigated the association between Angelica sinensis use and renal outcomes. It demonstrated a dose-dependent reduction in the risk of end-stage renal disease and mortality, even after adjusting for confounders, indicating systemic protective effects of Angelica sinensis.
- https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34362631/ – This systematic review compiled preclinical and clinical studies on Angelica sinensis in ischemic stroke. It identified anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and neurogenic effects, supporting its therapeutic potential in cerebrovascular disease by modulating various pathways involved in stroke recovery.
