Get Your Personalized Supplement StackSupplement Stack Quiz

Apoaequorin

Also known as: Apoaequorin, Prevagen

Overview

Apoaequorin is a protein derived from the jellyfish *Aequorea victoria*. It is marketed as a dietary supplement, primarily under the brand name Prevagen, with claims of improving age-related memory loss and cognitive function. However, the effectiveness of apoaequorin for these purposes is a subject of ongoing debate and legal challenges. While some studies suggest potential benefits, the overall body of evidence is limited and often lacks independent verification. The protein is theorized to influence intracellular calcium levels, which are crucial for neuronal function. Apoaequorin is available in oral supplement form, but its ability to cross the blood-brain barrier and exert its effects in humans remains uncertain. Further research is needed to fully understand its potential benefits and risks.

Benefits

Limited evidence suggests apoaequorin may have benefits for cognitive function, particularly in aging adults. One study indicated improvements in verbal learning and recall; however, these findings have not been consistently replicated. The clinical significance of these potential benefits is not well-established due to the lack of robust, independently verified research. Most studies are sponsored by the manufacturers, raising concerns about impartiality. Therefore, the evidence supporting apoaequorin's cognitive benefits remains weak and requires further investigation.

How it works

Apoaequorin is thought to work by regulating intracellular calcium levels, which are essential for neuronal signaling and function. The proposed mechanism involves apoaequorin binding to calcium ions, potentially influencing calcium homeostasis in brain cells. However, the exact biological pathways and interactions with human body systems are not fully understood. A significant question remains regarding its ability to cross the blood-brain barrier intact, as some research suggests it may be digested before reaching the brain, limiting its potential effects on cognitive function.

Side effects

Apoaequorin is generally considered safe based on available research, but long-term effects are not well-studied. Commonly reported side effects are not well-documented, but rare adverse effects may include headache, dizziness, and heart palpitations. Drug interactions and contraindications are not well-established, and comprehensive safety data is lacking. Individuals should consult with a healthcare provider before using apoaequorin, especially if they have pre-existing medical conditions or are taking other medications. Further research is needed to fully assess the safety profile of apoaequorin.

Dosage

The typical dosage of apoaequorin, as found in Prevagen, is 10 mg per day. However, there is no established optimal dosage range or maximum safe dose based on robust clinical evidence. Timing considerations and absorption factors are not well-studied. Due to the limited research and lack of clear dosage guidelines, it is important to consult with a healthcare provider before using apoaequorin. More research is needed to determine appropriate and safe dosage levels for different populations and purposes.

FAQs

Does apoaequorin improve memory?

There is no reliable evidence that apoaequorin significantly improves memory or cognitive function. Studies have shown mixed results, and more research is needed.

Is apoaequorin safe?

Apoaequorin is generally considered safe, but long-term effects are unknown. Consult a healthcare provider before use, especially if you have existing health conditions.

How should I take apoaequorin?

Consult a healthcare provider before use. The typical dose in Prevagen is 10 mg per day, but optimal dosage and timing are not well-established.

What are the side effects of apoaequorin?

Side effects are not well-documented, but rare adverse effects may include headache, dizziness, and heart palpitations. Report any unusual symptoms to your doctor.

Research Sources

https://www.alzdiscovery.org/uploads/cognitive_vitality_media/Apoaequorin-Cognitive-Vitality-For-Researchers.pdf – This Cognitive Vitality report provides a researcher-focused overview of apoaequorin. It summarizes the available evidence regarding its potential cognitive benefits and highlights the need for further rigorous research to validate its efficacy and safety.
https://www.webmd.com/healthy-aging/apoaequorin-what-to-know – This WebMD article offers a general overview of apoaequorin, discussing its purported benefits and potential risks. It emphasizes the importance of consulting with a healthcare professional before using apoaequorin supplements due to the limited evidence supporting their effectiveness.
https://www.ftc.gov/system/files/documents/cases/quincy_bioscience_exhibits-filed_version.pdf – This document contains exhibits from a Federal Trade Commission case involving Quincy Bioscience, the makers of Prevagen. It highlights concerns about the marketing claims made regarding apoaequorin's cognitive benefits and the need for substantiation of these claims.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26878676/ – This study is a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial that investigated the effects of apoaequorin on cognitive function in aging adults. The findings suggested improvements in verbal learning and recall, but the study's limitations and potential biases warrant cautious interpretation of the results.
https://appliedneuro.org/prevagen-review/ – This review provides a critical analysis of Prevagen and its active ingredient, apoaequorin. It discusses the limitations of the available research, potential conflicts of interest, and the need for more rigorous, independent studies to determine the true efficacy of apoaequorin for cognitive enhancement.