Asiatic Dogwood Fruit Without Seed Extract
Also known as: Asiatic Dogwood, Shan Zhu Yu, Asiatic Dogwood Fruit Without Seed Extract, Cornus officinalis
Overview
Asiatic Dogwood Fruit Without Seed Extract is derived from the fruit of *Cornus officinalis*, a flowering plant native to East Asia. This extract is valued in traditional medicine for its purported health benefits, particularly its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and potential antidiabetic properties. The fruit, specifically without its seeds, is rich in bioactive compounds such as iridoids (e.g., loganin, sweroside), ursolic acid, and hydrolyzable tannins. While traditionally used for various ailments, modern research, primarily in vitro and animal studies, supports its antioxidant effects by inhibiting reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and its anti-inflammatory actions through the reduction of IL-8 secretion by neutrophils. There is also emerging interest in its potential to inhibit α-glucosidase, suggesting antidiabetic applications. The research maturity level for *Cornus officinalis* is moderate, with a growing body of evidence, though human clinical trials remain limited.
Benefits
The primary benefits of *Cornus officinalis* extract are its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Extracts have demonstrated significant antioxidant effects by inhibiting the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which are implicated in cellular damage and various diseases. This effect has been observed in in vitro studies, indicating a strong potential for combating oxidative stress. Furthermore, aqueous-methanolic extracts have shown anti-inflammatory capabilities by decreasing IL-8 secretion by neutrophils, a key marker of inflammation. While these findings are promising, they are largely derived from in vitro and animal studies, meaning the strength of evidence in human populations is currently limited. There is also supporting evidence for potential antidiabetic effects due to its α-glucosidase inhibitory activity, which could help manage blood glucose levels. However, human data on specific populations, effect sizes, and the time course of benefits are not yet well-established, requiring further clinical investigation to confirm these effects and their clinical significance.
How it works
*Cornus officinalis* extract exerts its effects primarily through antioxidant and anti-inflammatory pathways. Its antioxidant activity is attributed to its ability to inhibit the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), thereby protecting cells from oxidative damage. For its anti-inflammatory actions, the extract has been shown to modulate the immune system by decreasing the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines like IL-8 from neutrophils. This suggests an interaction with cellular signaling pathways involved in immune responses. Additionally, the extract may influence glucose metabolism through the inhibition of α-glucosidase, an enzyme responsible for breaking down carbohydrates in the gut, which could lead to reduced glucose absorption and potential antidiabetic effects. The specific molecular targets and the full extent of its interaction with various body systems are still under investigation.
Side effects
The overall safety profile of *Cornus officinalis* extract is generally considered good, but comprehensive human safety data is limited. Common, uncommon, or rare side effects have not been well-established or documented in clinical trials. There are no specific contraindications identified, but caution is advised, particularly for individuals managing diabetes, due to the extract's potential α-glucosidase inhibitory activity. This mechanism suggests a possible interaction with conventional diabetes medications, which could lead to an additive effect on blood glucose lowering. Therefore, individuals on antidiabetic drugs should consult a healthcare provider before using this supplement to avoid potential hypoglycemia or other adverse interactions. Furthermore, due to the lack of sufficient safety data, pregnant or breastfeeding women are advised to consult their healthcare providers before use. Long-term effects and interactions with other medications beyond diabetes drugs are not well-studied, emphasizing the need for professional medical advice before incorporating this extract into a health regimen.
Dosage
Currently, there are no standardized dosing guidelines for Asiatic Dogwood Fruit Without Seed Extract, as its use is primarily rooted in traditional medicine where dosages are not typically quantified in a standardized manner. The minimum effective dose, optimal dosage ranges, and maximum safe dose have not been established through clinical research. There are no specific recommendations regarding timing of administration, and absorption factors or required cofactors have not been studied. The extract is commonly used in various forms, but specific form-dependent recommendations are also lacking. Due to the absence of established dosing parameters and limited human clinical data, it is crucial for individuals considering this supplement to exercise caution and consult with a healthcare professional. This is particularly important for those with underlying health conditions or who are taking other medications, as the safety thresholds and potential interactions are not fully understood.
FAQs
Is Asiatic Dogwood Fruit Without Seed Extract safe to use?
It is generally considered safe, but human safety data is limited. Consult a healthcare provider, especially if you have existing health conditions or are taking medications, as side effects and interactions are not fully documented.
Can this extract help with diabetes?
Research suggests potential antidiabetic effects due to α-glucosidase inhibition. However, human studies are limited, and it may interact with diabetes medications, so medical consultation is essential.
What are the main benefits of this extract?
The primary benefits observed in studies are its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. It may help reduce oxidative stress and inflammation, though more human research is needed to confirm these effects.
Are there specific dosing recommendations?
No standardized dosing guidelines exist. Its use is primarily traditional, and optimal or maximum safe doses have not been established by scientific research. Always consult a healthcare professional for guidance.
Who should avoid using this extract?
Pregnant or breastfeeding women should consult a healthcare provider due to lack of data. Individuals on diabetes medication should also exercise caution due to potential drug interactions and consult their doctor.
Research Sources
- https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8618406/ – This comparative study investigated *Cornus officinalis* extracts in vitro, demonstrating significant antioxidant effects by inhibiting ROS production and anti-inflammatory effects by decreasing IL-8 secretion from neutrophils. The findings highlight the potential of *C. officinalis* as a source of bioactive compounds with therapeutic properties, though human trials are needed to confirm these effects.
- https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/nutrition/articles/10.3389/fnut.2023.1309963/full – This review article provides an overview of the health benefits of *Cornus officinalis*, emphasizing its potential antidiabetic effects, particularly through α-glucosidase inhibitory activity. It synthesizes existing research on the phytochemical composition and biological activities of the plant, pointing to its therapeutic promise despite the current lack of extensive human clinical data.
- https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/11/9/1240 – This study focuses on the phytochemical composition of *Cornus officinalis*, identifying various bioactive compounds such as iridoids, ursolic acid, and hydrolyzable tannins. The research provides a chemical basis for the observed biological activities, linking the presence of these compounds to the plant's traditional uses and potential health benefits, although it does not delve into clinical outcomes.
- https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10809406/ – This source, likely a review or research article, highlights the potential health benefits of *Cornus officinalis*, including its antidiabetic effects. It contributes to the understanding of the plant's therapeutic applications by summarizing relevant findings, though it also points to the need for more robust human clinical trials to validate these effects.
- https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/2515690X20978394 – This source likely discusses various aspects of *Cornus officinalis*, potentially covering its traditional uses, chemical constituents, and pharmacological activities. While the specific focus isn't detailed, it contributes to the broader scientific literature on the plant, supporting its potential as a source of beneficial compounds for health applications.