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Bifidobacterium Longum Infantis

Also known as: Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis, B. infantis

Overview

Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis, commonly known as B. infantis, is a beneficial bacterium naturally found in human breast milk and the gastrointestinal tract of infants. As a probiotic, it is primarily used to support gut health, particularly in infants, and to reduce the risk of certain gastrointestinal disorders. B. infantis is well-tolerated and known for its ability to utilize human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs), which are complex sugars present in breast milk that infants cannot digest on their own. This interaction promotes a healthy gut environment by fostering the growth of beneficial bacteria and inhibiting the colonization of harmful pathogens. Research on B. infantis is well-established, with numerous studies focusing on its benefits in infants, including reducing diarrhea episodes, improving gut microbiota composition, and potentially reducing the risk of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) and late-onset sepsis in preterm infants. The available evidence generally supports its efficacy and safety, making it a valuable probiotic strain for infant health.

Benefits

Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis offers several evidence-based benefits, particularly for infants. Studies have shown that B. infantis can reduce diarrhea episodes in infants, although results may vary depending on the study design and population. Probiotics containing B. infantis have been associated with a significant reduction in the incidence of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) in preterm infants, with a relative risk reduction of 0.38 (95% CI, 0.27-0.55). Furthermore, B. infantis helps in establishing a healthy gut microbiota, which is crucial for immune system development and overall health. Preterm infants may experience greater benefits, such as reduced NEC and late-onset sepsis. The effects of B. infantis supplementation can be observed within weeks, though long-term effects require further study. Overall, B. infantis is a beneficial probiotic for promoting gut health and reducing the risk of gastrointestinal disorders in infants.

How it works

Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis primarily acts by modulating the gut microbiota, enhancing the utilization of human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs), and promoting a healthy gut environment. It interacts with the gastrointestinal system, influencing gut barrier function and immune response. B. infantis can modulate cytokine levels, influencing the balance between pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory responses. By metabolizing HMOs, B. infantis produces short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) like acetate, which nourish the gut lining and support overall gut health. As a probiotic, it colonizes the gut rather than being absorbed systemically, contributing to a balanced and healthy gut microbiota.

Side effects

Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis is generally considered safe and well-tolerated, especially in infants. Common side effects are not typically reported. Some individuals may experience mild gastrointestinal symptoms, such as gas or bloating, but these are uncommon. Serious adverse effects are rare and typically associated with underlying health conditions. There are no significant drug interactions reported with B. infantis. While there are generally no specific contraindications, caution is advised in immunocompromised individuals. Preterm infants may benefit significantly from B. infantis supplementation, but consultation with healthcare providers is recommended to ensure appropriate use and monitoring. Overall, B. infantis has a favorable safety profile, making it a suitable probiotic for promoting gut health, particularly in infants.

Dosage

The minimum effective dose of Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis typically ranges from 10^6 to 10^9 CFU per day. For infants, a dosage of 10^7 CFU/g in infant formula has been used effectively. While no maximum safe dose has been established, higher doses are not typically recommended without medical supervision. Continuous supplementation is often recommended for sustained benefits. B. infantis is available in infant formulas and supplements. As it colonizes the gut, absorption factors are not applicable. There are no specifically required cofactors for B. infantis supplementation. It is important to consult with a healthcare provider for personalized dosage recommendations, especially for infants and individuals with underlying health conditions.

FAQs

When should I start B. infantis supplementation for my infant?

Consult a healthcare provider for specific guidance on when to start B. infantis supplementation for your infant, as recommendations may vary based on individual health status and needs.

What results can I expect from B. infantis supplementation?

B. infantis supplementation is expected to improve gut health and reduce the risk of certain gastrointestinal issues. However, individual results may vary, and it is not a cure-all for gastrointestinal problems.

Is B. infantis safe for my infant?

B. infantis is generally safe, but it is important to consult a healthcare provider for specific advice, especially if your infant has underlying health conditions or is immunocompromised.

How should B. infantis be administered for sustained benefits?

Continuous use of B. infantis is recommended for sustained benefits. Follow the dosage instructions provided on the product label or as directed by a healthcare provider.

Research Sources

https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/12/24/4451/review_report – A meta-analysis of 1,671 newborns, mostly preterm infants, found that Bifidobacterium longum supplementation is generally safe and may support gut health. However, the study notes that conclusions on weight gain are limited due to variability in study designs and outcomes. The study is well-designed but has limitations in outcome assessment.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29538368/ – A randomized controlled trial involving 97 control and 93 probiotic group infants over 12 weeks found that B. infantis supplementation may reduce diarrhea episodes and improve tolerance in healthy term infants. The study is well-conducted with clear outcomes, but it has a small sample size and limited duration.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37460707/ – A systematic review and meta-analysis of 14,606 preterm and low birth weight infants found that probiotics containing B. infantis may offer greater benefits in reducing NEC compared to those without it. The evidence is high-quality, supporting the benefits of B. infantis in preterm infants, though there is heterogeneity in study designs.
https://www.microbiotajournal.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/7/2024/06/e998.pdf – This study investigates the impact of early-life gut microbiota composition on infant health outcomes. It highlights the role of Bifidobacterium species, including B. infantis, in shaping the gut environment and influencing immune development. The research emphasizes the importance of establishing a healthy gut microbiota in early life for long-term health.
https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/20/3510 – This review discusses the potential of probiotics, including B. infantis, to modulate the gut microbiota and improve infant health. It explores the mechanisms by which probiotics interact with the host immune system and influence gut barrier function. The review highlights the importance of strain-specific effects and the need for further research to optimize probiotic use in infants.