Chamomile Supercritical Extract
Also known as: German Chamomile, Chamomile Flower, Chamomilla recutita, Chamomile Supercritical Extract, Matricaria chamomilla
Overview
Chamomile is a herb derived from the flowers of Matricaria chamomilla, traditionally recognized for its calming and anti-inflammatory properties. The herb is commonly consumed as teas, taken in supplements, or used topically to alleviate anxiety, enhance sleep quality, and soothe skin irritations. Chamomile is rich in bioactive compounds, particularly flavonoids like apigenin and luteolin, which contribute to its therapeutic effects. The research on chamomile is moderate to high, with studies focusing on diverse extraction methods; supercritical CO2 extraction notably yields higher concentrations of active compounds when compared to other methods. This technique captures more of the essential oils and antioxidants, boosting its efficacy. Overall, chamomile serves as a versatile natural remedy endorsed by both traditional practices and scientific investigations.
Benefits
Chamomile extract is particularly noted for several evidence-based benefits: 1. **Anxiolytic and Sedative Effects**: Numerous studies suggest that chamomile can effectively reduce anxiety and improve sleep quality, though specific quantitative outcomes require further evidence. 2. **Antioxidant Activity**: Chamomile exhibits significant antioxidant activity due to its high total phenolic content and effective free radical scavenging capabilities. 3. **Anti-inflammatory and Antimicrobial Properties**: Varied studies support chamomile's roles in reducing inflammation and combating microbial growth, albeit specifics can differ. 4. **Neuroprotective Activity**: Emerging evidence points to neuroprotective effects via the inhibition of cholinesterase enzymes. Patients across various demographics, particularly those suffering from anxiety, sleep disturbances, and oxidative stress, can benefit substantially from chamomile extracts.
How it works
Chamomile's therapeutic effects primarily involve modulation of GABA receptors, positively influencing anxiolytic responses. The presence of flavonoids and phenolic compounds facilitates its antioxidant activity by scavenging free radicals. Moreover, chamomile interacts with the central nervous system (CNS) to beneficially alter neurotransmitter activity, and its topical applications manage skin irritations through anti-inflammatory mechanisms. Enhanced bioavailability is noted with supercritical CO2 extraction of the herb, resulting in higher concentrations of the active constituents responsible for its health benefits.
Side effects
Chamomile is generally regarded as safe; however, some side effects may occur. Commonly reported adverse effects (seen in >5% of users) include allergic reactions, especially upon topical application. Uncommon side effects (1-5%) can involve gastrointestinal disturbances and drowsiness, while rare side effects (<1%) may include severe allergic reactions like anaphylaxis. Potential drug interactions exist, particularly with blood thinners, sedatives, and diabetes medications, necessitating cautious use among these populations. Additionally, chamomile is contraindicated in pregnant and breastfeeding individuals, and those allergic to plants in the Asteraceae family should avoid its use. Precautions should also be taken for children and the elderly to mitigate interaction risks.
Dosage
Standard dosages of chamomile vary based on its application. A minimum effective dose for anxiolytic effects typically ranges from 250 to 500 mg of standardized extract per day, while optimal doses for sleep and anxiety often fall between 250 and 1000 mg per day. For topical applications, concentrations between 1-3% of chamomile extract are recommended for skin treatments. There is no established maximum safe dose, but caution is advised with high doses, ideally under medical supervision. To achieve the best results in addressing sleep and anxiety issues, supplementation should occur before bedtime. Forms such as supercritical CO2 extracts are favored for their enhanced retention of bioactive compounds, with bioavailability varying based on extraction methods.
FAQs
Is chamomile safety confirmed for everyone?
While generally safe, chamomile can cause allergic reactions and may interact with medications, so monitoring is essential.
How and when should I take chamomile for the best results?
Chamomile is most effective when taken as directed, typically before bedtime for sleep and anxiety relief.
How quickly can I expect results from chamomile supplements?
Many users report observing anxiolytic and sedative effects within a few weeks of consistent use.
Is chamomile a sedative?
Chamomile is calming, but it's not a sedative in the conventional sense; it modulates anxiety instead.
Research Sources
- https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2560969/ – This review analyzed the therapeutic potential of chamomile, especially its anxiolytic and sedative properties. The findings indicate that chamomile extracts can significantly reduce symptoms of anxiety and improve sleep quality, though more comprehensive studies are warranted.
- https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22564968/ – This study evaluated the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties of chamomile, highlighting its active components. The results support the herb's traditional use for managing inflammation and oxidative stress conditions.
- https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2211382515001904 – This research focused on the effectiveness of supercritical CO2 extraction methods in enhancing the yield of therapeutic constituents in chamomile. The study concluded that supercritical extraction provides superior bioavailability and is advantageous for producing high-quality chamomile extracts.
