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Cherry Plum

Also known as: Cherry plum, Plum, Dried plum, Prune, Prunus cerasifera

Overview

Cherry plum supplements are derived from the fruit of the Prunus genus, specifically Prunus cerasifera, and are consumed fresh, dried (as prunes), or in powdered form. These fruits are recognized for their rich content of antioxidants, vitamins, and dietary fiber. Primarily, cherry plum is utilized for its potential cardiovascular health benefits, particularly in improving lipid profiles, and also for digestive health support. Its key characteristics include a high concentration of bioactive compounds such as phenolics and flavonoids, which are believed to contribute to its antioxidant and lipid-lowering effects. Research on cherry plum's efficacy is moderately mature, with several randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and systematic reviews/meta-analyses focusing on its impact on lipid parameters. The available evidence, based on multiple RCTs and meta-analytical syntheses, indicates statistically significant effects on cholesterol levels, particularly in individuals with elevated cholesterol.

Benefits

Cherry plum supplementation has demonstrated significant benefits, primarily in improving lipid profiles. The most notable effect is a statistically significant reduction in low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c) by approximately 11.5 to 12.5 mg/dL, with p-values indicating strong statistical significance (0.01 to 0.03). A reduction in total cholesterol (TC) levels has also been observed, particularly in individuals with pre-existing conditions such as hypercholesterolemia or hypertension. These LDL-c reductions are considered clinically meaningful, potentially contributing to a reduction in cardiovascular risk. However, no significant impact on triglycerides (TG) or high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c) levels has been found. The benefits appear to be more pronounced in individuals with unhealthy lipid profiles, such as those with elevated cholesterol or hypertension. Effects are typically observed after interventions lasting more than 8 weeks, with studies ranging from 2 to 12 weeks.

How it works

The lipid-lowering effects of cherry plum are primarily attributed to the antioxidant properties of its polyphenols and flavonoids. These compounds are believed to reduce oxidative stress and improve overall lipid metabolism within the body. While specific molecular targets require further elucidation, it is hypothesized that cherry plum may modulate LDL receptor activity and potentially inhibit enzymes involved in cholesterol synthesis. The bioactive compounds present in plum supplements are absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract. Although processing methods like drying and powdering may influence bioavailability, the efficacy of these forms is generally retained, allowing the active compounds to interact with lipid metabolism pathways in the liver and systemic circulation.

Side effects

Cherry plum supplementation is generally considered safe, with no significant adverse effects reported in the reviewed randomized controlled trials. Common side effects, defined as occurring in more than 5% of participants, have not been observed. Uncommon side effects (1-5% frequency) are limited to the possibility of minor gastrointestinal discomfort, though this has not been statistically significant in studies. Rare side effects (less than 1% frequency) have not been documented. Regarding drug interactions, no significant interactions have been reported; however, caution is advised if cherry plum is combined with lipid-lowering medications due to potential additive effects. There are no specific contraindications for cherry plum supplementation. While studies have included adults with hypertension and hypercholesterolemia, the effects and safety in special populations such as children or pregnant women have not been well-studied.

Dosage

There is no single standardized minimum effective dose for cherry plum, as studies have utilized varying amounts of dried plum or plum powder. However, effective interventions typically involved daily consumption and lasted for 8 weeks or more. While exact dosages varied across studies, they consistently demonstrated efficacy. A maximum safe dose has not been clearly defined, as no adverse effects were reported at the doses used in clinical trials. Daily intake is recommended, though the specific timing relative to meals has not been specified as critical. Both dried plum and plum powder forms have shown efficacy, indicating that processing does not significantly reduce the beneficial effects. No specific cofactors are required for its absorption or efficacy.

FAQs

Is cherry plum supplementation safe for long-term use?

Current evidence suggests safety for durations up to 12 weeks, with no reported adverse effects. Long-term safety data beyond this period are limited but no concerns have been raised.

How soon can lipid improvements be expected?

Improvements in lipid profiles, particularly LDL cholesterol, are generally observed after at least 8 weeks of consistent supplementation.

Can cherry plum replace cholesterol medications?

Cherry plum may support lipid management, but it should not be used as a replacement for prescribed cholesterol medications without consulting a healthcare professional.

Are there any known allergies or intolerances?

No common allergies to cherry plum have been reported. However, individuals with known allergies to stone fruits should exercise caution.

Research Sources

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36721717/ – This systematic review and meta-analysis of 9 RCTs (592 participants) found significant reductions in LDL-c (-11.52 mg/dL) and total cholesterol in unhealthy subjects after plum supplementation. It noted high heterogeneity among studies but confirmed the lipid-lowering potential, with no significant effects on triglycerides or HDL-c.
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/fsn3.4000 – This randomized controlled trial meta-analysis further confirmed the significant LDL-c reduction (WMD: −12.50 mg/dL) due to plum product consumption. It reinforces the lipid-lowering potential but acknowledges variability in control interventions and participant health status as limitations.
https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1305&context=nutritionfacpub – This meta-analysis and review of 9 RCTs consistently found lipid profile improvements in hypertensive and hypercholesterolemic adults consuming plum products. It supports the benefits but highlights limitations such as small sample sizes and short intervention durations across individual studies.