Get Your Personalized Supplement StackSupplement Stack Quiz

Citrus Bergamot Extract

Also known as: Bergamot, Bergamot Orange, Citrus bergamia

Overview

Citrus bergamia, commonly known as Bergamot, is a citrus fruit primarily cultivated in the Calabria region of Italy. Its extract, derived from the fruit's peel, is rich in polyphenols, flavonoids, and limonoids, which are known for their antioxidant and metabolic properties. Bergamot extract is primarily used as a dietary supplement to support cardiovascular health, particularly in managing lipid profiles and addressing dyslipidemia. It is available in various forms, including capsules and tablets. Research suggests that bergamot extract may help reduce total cholesterol and LDL levels while potentially increasing HDL levels. While generally considered safe, it's essential to consult with a healthcare provider before use, especially when combined with other medications.

Benefits

Bergamot extract has demonstrated potential benefits in improving lipid profiles, specifically reducing total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol levels, which are key risk factors for cardiovascular disease. Several studies indicate that bergamot polyphenols may contribute to these improvements. Some research also suggests potential benefits in muscle health and body composition, particularly in individuals with conditions like osteosarcopenic obesity. These effects are supported by evidence from systematic reviews and clinical studies, although further large-scale randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are needed to fully establish the extent and consistency of these benefits across diverse populations and health outcomes. The onset of these benefits can vary, but improvements in lipid profiles are often observed within weeks to months of consistent supplementation.

How it works

Bergamot extract's mechanism of action is primarily attributed to its high polyphenol content, which exerts antioxidant effects and influences lipid metabolism. The flavonoids present in bergamot may target enzymes involved in lipid metabolism, such as HMG-CoA reductase, which is also targeted by statin medications. By modulating these pathways, bergamot can help improve lipid profiles. Additionally, bergamot interacts with the cardiovascular system by improving lipid balance and may influence muscle health through various metabolic pathways. The bioavailability of bergamot polyphenols is generally good, but specific data on absorption rates are still being investigated.

Side effects

Bergamot extract is generally considered safe when used appropriately, but some individuals may experience side effects. The most common side effect is gastrointestinal upset, which may include symptoms like bloating, gas, or mild stomach discomfort. Allergic reactions or skin sensitivity are possible but rare. Severe allergic reactions are extremely rare. Bergamot extract may interact with statins or other cholesterol-lowering medications, potentially leading to additive effects and increasing the risk of side effects. Caution is advised in individuals with severe allergies to citrus fruits. Pregnant or breastfeeding women should consult healthcare providers before use. It is important to monitor for any adverse reactions and discontinue use if significant side effects occur.

Dosage

The typical dosage of bergamot extract ranges from 500 mg to 1,000 mg per day. Most studies have used doses within this range to assess the effects on lipid profiles and other health outcomes. It can be taken with meals to reduce the likelihood of gastrointestinal side effects. Capsules or tablets are common forms of bergamot extract. While a maximum safe dose is not well-established, doses above 1,000 mg per day are less commonly studied. Bioavailability may be enhanced when taken with fatty meals. It is advisable to start with a lower dose and gradually increase as tolerated, while monitoring for any adverse effects.

FAQs

Is bergamot extract safe to take with other medications?

Bergamot extract may interact with statins and other cholesterol-lowering medications. Consult with a healthcare provider before combining it with other drugs to avoid potential additive effects or interactions.

How long does it take to see results from taking bergamot extract?

Improvements in lipid profiles are typically observed within weeks to months of consistent supplementation. Individual results may vary, and it's important to monitor lipid levels regularly with a healthcare provider.

Can bergamot extract replace my cholesterol medication?

Bergamot extract should not be used as a replacement for prescribed medications. It can be used as a complementary therapy under medical supervision, but it's crucial to follow your doctor's recommendations.

What are the signs of an allergic reaction to bergamot extract?

Signs of an allergic reaction may include skin rash, itching, hives, swelling, or difficulty breathing. If you experience any of these symptoms, discontinue use and seek medical attention immediately.

Research Sources

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31670973/ – This study reviewed the effects of bergamot supplementation on cardiovascular risk factors. The key finding was that bergamot extract significantly improved lipid profiles by reducing total cholesterol and LDL levels. The study highlights the potential of bergamot as a complementary therapy for managing dyslipidemia.
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11545342/ – This research explored the potential benefits of bergamot in improving muscle health and body composition, particularly in individuals with osteosarcopenic obesity. The study suggests that bergamot may have a positive impact on muscle physiology. However, the authors note that more data is needed on long-term effects and broader applicability.
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/10408398.2019.1677554 – This systematic review and meta-analysis examined the effects of bergamot on lipid profiles. The analysis of multiple studies indicated that bergamot extract reduces total cholesterol and LDL levels. The authors concluded that bergamot could be a useful adjunct in managing hyperlipidemia, but more clinical data is needed.
https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/13/23/3883 – This study investigated the effects of citrus extracts, including bergamot, on cardiovascular health. The key finding was that citrus extracts can reduce total cholesterol and LDL levels. The authors noted the need for more clinical data to confirm these findings and explore the underlying mechanisms.
https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/pharmacology/articles/10.3389/fphar.2022.822678/full – This meta-analysis of preclinical and clinical studies on citrus extracts, including bergamot, found that they reduce total cholesterol and LDL levels. The authors highlight the heterogeneity across studies and emphasize the need for more clinical data to support these findings. The study provides a comprehensive overview of the current evidence base.