Citrus Hesperidin
Also known as: Citrus Hesperidin, Hesperidin Methyl Chalcone, C28H34O15, Hesperidin
Overview
Hesperidin is a flavanone glycoside predominantly found in citrus fruits like oranges and lemons. It's recognized for its antioxidant and potential anti-inflammatory properties, making it a popular dietary supplement. Hesperidin is often used to support cardiovascular health and reduce inflammation. While hesperidin itself has limited bioavailability, it is often consumed in the form of hesperidin methyl chalcone to improve absorption. Research on hesperidin is growing, with several systematic reviews and meta-analyses examining its effects on inflammation and cardiovascular health. The quality of evidence varies, with some studies showing significant benefits while others report inconsistent results. It is a water-soluble compound with a bitter taste.
Benefits
Hesperidin supplementation has demonstrated potential benefits, particularly in reducing inflammatory markers. Meta-analyses have shown significant reductions in CRP, IL-6, and IL-4. Furthermore, hesperidin improves VCAM-1 levels, which is associated with cardiovascular health. These benefits may be more pronounced in individuals with existing cardiovascular risk factors. While some evidence suggests benefits for chronic disease biomarkers, results are not consistent across all studies. The time course for observing benefits can vary depending on the specific outcome being measured and the duration of supplementation. Effect sizes vary, but significant reductions in inflammatory markers have been observed in some meta-analyses.
How it works
Hesperidin acts through anti-inflammatory and antioxidant pathways, potentially influencing endothelial function and lipid metabolism. It interacts with the cardiovascular system by improving vascular function and reducing inflammation. Hesperidin may target various inflammatory mediators and endothelial adhesion molecules like VCAM-1. The bioavailability of hesperidin is generally low due to its water solubility, but forms like hesperidin methyl chalcone may improve absorption. Its mechanisms involve modulating inflammatory responses and protecting against oxidative stress, contributing to overall cardiovascular health.
Side effects
Hesperidin is generally considered safe when consumed in typical dietary amounts or as a supplement. Common side effects are not well-documented, but gastrointestinal upset is possible. Uncommon side effects may include potential allergic reactions or interactions with certain medications, such as blood thinners or medications affecting blood pressure. Rare side effects are not well-documented. There are no well-established contraindications, but caution is advised in individuals with severe allergies or those taking certain medications. Pregnant or breastfeeding women should consult healthcare providers before use. It is important to monitor for potential side effects and interactions when taking hesperidin supplements.
Dosage
While a minimum effective dose is not well-established, studies often use doses ranging from 500 mg to 1000 mg per day. Typical dosage ranges are between 500 mg to 2000 mg per day. The maximum safe dose is not clearly defined, but high doses may increase the risk of side effects. There are no specific timing recommendations, but consistent daily intake is suggested. Hesperidin methyl chalcone may offer better bioavailability. Bioavailability can be improved with forms like hesperidin methyl chalcone. There are no well-established required cofactors. It is advisable to start with a lower dose and gradually increase as tolerated, while monitoring for any adverse effects.
FAQs
Is hesperidin safe to take?
Hesperidin is generally safe, but may interact with certain medications. Consult a healthcare provider before starting supplementation to ensure it's appropriate for your individual health status and medication regimen.
What are the potential side effects of hesperidin?
While generally safe, potential side effects and interactions should be monitored. Some users may experience gastrointestinal upset or allergic reactions. Discontinue use and consult a healthcare provider if adverse effects occur.
When is the best time to take hesperidin?
Consistent daily intake is recommended, but there is no specific timing requirement. Choose a time that is convenient for you to maintain a regular supplementation schedule.
What results can I expect from taking hesperidin?
Benefits may vary, but some users report improved cardiovascular health markers. Hesperidin is not a cure-all, but it may be part of a broader health strategy to support cardiovascular wellness.
Is hesperidin a cure for cardiovascular diseases?
Hesperidin is not a cure-all for cardiovascular diseases; it may be part of a broader health strategy. It should be used in conjunction with a healthy diet, regular exercise, and other lifestyle modifications.
Research Sources
- https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30991044/ – This study is a systematic review and meta-analysis that examined the effects of hesperidin supplementation on various cardiovascular risk factors. The key finding was that hesperidin supplementation significantly improves VCAM-1 levels, which is associated with improved cardiovascular health. The study included various studies with diverse populations and found high-quality evidence, although there was variability in study outcomes.
- https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09603123.2022.2093841 – This meta-analysis included eighteen studies and found that hesperidin has a significant lowering effect on CRP, IL-6, and IL-4, which are key inflammatory markers. The study's limitations include heterogeneity among the included studies. Overall, the quality assessment was moderate to high due to the inclusion of multiple studies.
- https://journals.lww.com/jno/fulltext/2023/03000/impact_of_citrus_fruit_and_hesperidin_intake_on.3.aspx – This review examined the impact of citrus fruit and hesperidin intake on chronic disease biomarkers. The key finding was a trend toward improving chronic disease biomarkers with hesperidin in 100% orange juice. The quality assessment is lower due to the lack of primary data analysis, as it is not a primary research study.
- https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/10408398.2021.1927976 – This study investigates the effects of hesperidin on endothelial function and cardiovascular risk factors. It highlights hesperidin's potential to improve vascular health through its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. The research suggests that hesperidin may play a role in preventing cardiovascular diseases by targeting endothelial dysfunction.
- https://citrusbr.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/2019-Mohammadi-SRMA-hesperidin-CVD-no-effect.pdf – This systematic review and meta-analysis examined the effects of hesperidin on cardiovascular disease (CVD) outcomes. The study concluded that hesperidin did not have a significant effect on CVD risk factors. This highlights the inconsistent results across studies and the need for further research to clarify hesperidin's role in cardiovascular health.
