Cyanidin
Also known as: Cyanidin-3-Glucoside, C3G, Cyanidin-3-Rutinoside, Anthocyanins, Delphinidin
Overview
Cyanidin is one of the six Anthocyanin subsets, and its glucoside Cyanidin-3-Glucoside (C3G) has been garnering attention for its ability to decrease blood glucose levels, and its ability to not hinder muscle protein synthesis at the same time (downstream of AMPK activation). Cyanidins are a sub-category of the dark pigments found in blue-black fruits and berries as well as some purple vegetables known as Anthocyanins. Cyanidins can be seen as the most pharmaceutically effective anthocyanin subcomponent as they seem to have the greatest uptake rate, the least decay, and the most clinical significance out of all anthocyanins. It has various effects in cells, most of which can be described as being anti-diabetic and possibly slightly benefit other parameters associated with 'metabolic syndrome' (anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, etc.) It does have some problems with absorption though, so the results you see in vitro (in laboratory) studies may not apply to when it is consumed. Its bioavailability (percent absorbed) is a concern, and human intervention studies are important for this reason.
Benefits
Cyanidin functions in the body primarily through its effects on blood glucose levels and muscle protein synthesis. It activates AMPK, which plays a role in cellular energy homeostasis and can lead to decreased blood glucose levels. The mechanism by which cyanidin exerts its effects includes anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, which may contribute to its potential benefits in metabolic syndrome.
How it works
Cyanidin has been associated with several benefits, particularly in relation to cardiovascular health and blood sugar management. It may help reduce blood glucose levels, which is beneficial for individuals with insulin resistance or diabetes. Additionally, its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties may provide protective effects against various chronic diseases, potentially improving overall metabolic health.
Side effects
Benefits have been seen with blood sugar reductions in the range of 150mg/kg bodyweight, a dose well above what is achieved through foods. It is possible long-term benefits may be seen with a lower dose of cyanidin compounds through foods, due to the many correlations of plant intake and health; however, causation has not been given to cyanidins as of yet. Additionally, it may be possible to increase bioavailability and thus lower the needed dose by inhibiting P450 enzymes (similar to curcumin being potentiated by piperine). However, this is for the most part currently an untested hypothesis.
Dosage
Cyanidin is generally considered safe when consumed in food amounts. However, due to its effects on blood sugar, individuals on diabetes medications should consult with a healthcare provider before using cyanidin supplements. There may be concerns regarding its absorption and bioavailability, which could affect its efficacy.
FAQs
What is cyanidin?
Cyanidin is one of the six Anthocyanin subsets, known for its ability to decrease blood glucose levels and not hinder muscle protein synthesis.
What are the benefits of cyanidin?
Cyanidin may help reduce blood glucose levels, improve cardiovascular health, and provide anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects.
What is the recommended dosage for cyanidin?
Benefits have been seen with blood sugar reductions in the range of 150mg/kg bodyweight.
Are there any side effects of cyanidin?
Cyanidin is generally safe in food amounts, but individuals on diabetes medications should consult a healthcare provider before using supplements.
