Dimethylethanolamine Bitartrate
Also known as: DMAE, Dimethylaminoethanol, Deanol, Dimethylaminoethanol bitartrate, Dimethylaminoethanol (DMAE)
Overview
Dimethylaminoethanol (DMAE) is a naturally occurring compound found in small amounts in certain foods such as fatty fish. It was formerly used as a prescription medication for conditions like ADHD and other cognitive disorders but is now sold primarily as a dietary supplement. DMAE is purported to enhance mental function and skin health by influencing brain acetylcholine levels and reducing beta-amyloid accumulation. Despite some older studies suggesting various benefits, clinical evidence is largely outdated, and the quality of available research is considered low. DMAE is typically found in capsule or powdered form, and though it has antioxidant properties as suggested by in vitro studies, comprehensive and current evidence supporting its benefits is lacking.
Benefits
The potential benefits of DMAE include improved cognitive function and antioxidant effects. Older studies indicated possible benefits in conditions like ADHD and Alzheimer's disease; however, these claims lack robust contemporary support. An in vitro study demonstrated that DMAE could scavenge free radicals, which may contribute to its proposed antioxidant properties. Unfortunately, due to the absence of recent clinical trials, no specific populations have documented benefits, and reliable conclusions about the effectiveness remain elusive.
How it works
DMAE is thought to work by increasing the production of acetylcholine, a neurotransmitter vital for learning and memory. It may also reduce the accumulation of beta-amyloid, a protein implicated in Alzheimer's disease, thus potentially supporting cognitive health. Additionally, its ability to scavenge free radicals suggests a mechanism for antioxidant action, promoting cellular protection throughout the body.
Side effects
The safety profile of DMAE is not well established due to a lack of contemporary clinical trials. Older studies caution about possible developmental toxicity, particularly in pregnant and breastfeeding women, although evidence is inconclusive. Common side effects (>5%) and uncommon (>1%) are not clearly defined due to insufficient recent data. Drug interactions and specific contraindications are also poorly documented. Users should exercise caution when considering DMAE, especially given the equivocal evidence regarding its safety.
Dosage
Currently, there is no established effective dosage of DMAE due to the limited recent clinical data. Optimal dosage ranges vary across brands, and no standardized recommendations are available. While forms include capsules and powders, the absence of concrete evidence regarding absorption and bioavailability raises concerns over optimal intake. Discussions on safety thresholds and maximum dosages remain largely undefined.
FAQs
Is DMAE safe for everyone?
DMAE's safety profile is not well characterized, and evidence suggests potential risks such as developmental toxicity. Consultation with healthcare professionals is advised before use.
How does DMAE affect brain health?
DMAE may enhance brain function by increasing acetylcholine levels and has been proposed to reduce beta-amyloid accumulation, though substantial evidence is lacking.
What should I expect when taking DMAE?
Due to outdated research, expectations for benefits are uncertain. Consult product labels for guidance, but be mindful that this information may not be supported by recent studies.
Can DMAE be used for skin health?
DMAE is marketed for skin health; however, claims about its efficacy, similar to those for cognitive function, are not backed by strong contemporary evidence.
What are the common misconceptions about DMAE?
Many believe DMAE provides significant cognitive and skin health benefits, but such claims are not strongly supported by current research.
Research Sources
- https://ntp.niehs.nih.gov/sites/default/files/ntp/htdocs/dart/dart04_508.pdf – This report discusses developmental toxicity observed in animal studies, indicating equivocal evidence regarding DMAE's safety. The studies complied with Good Laboratory Practice, though their direct relevance to human health is limited.
- https://www.healthline.com/health/senior-health/dmae – This article reviews older research on the potential benefits of DMAE for mental and skin health, summarizing its historical uses and the significant limitations of its current evidence base.
- https://www.verywellhealth.com/dmae-what-should-i-know-about-it-89941 – An overview of DMAE, detailing its uses, potential benefits, and risks. The article stresses the outdated nature of the research supporting its effectiveness and safety.
- https://hsls.libguides.com/Embase-search-filters/systematic-reviews – While not directly related to DMAE, this source highlights the importance of systematic reviews in evaluating supplements, reinforcing the need for high-quality research in assessments of efficacy and safety.
- https://ri.conicet.gov.ar/bitstream/handle/11336/194780/CONICET_Digital_Nro.2959a977-95c6-4fd4-a36c-e96a8f819f37_B.pdf?sequence=2&isAllowed=y – This in vitro study investigates DMAE's potential antioxidant properties. It demonstrates the compound's capability to scavenge free radicals, indicating its possible protective roles but lacks direct human health outcome relevance.