Enovita Grape Seed Extract
Also known as: Grape seed extract, GSE, Enovita, Vitis vinifera
Overview
Grape seed extract (GSE) is a dietary supplement derived from the seeds of grapes (*Vitis vinifera* L.), a byproduct of the wine and juice industry. It is a rich source of polyphenols, particularly oligomeric proanthocyanidins (OPCs), which are believed to be responsible for many of its health benefits. GSE is primarily used for its potential cardiovascular benefits, including blood pressure modulation and antioxidant effects. Research suggests it may also improve cholesterol levels and reduce inflammation. GSE is available in various forms, including capsules and tablets, and is generally considered safe for consumption. While research is ongoing, the available evidence supports its potential as a beneficial supplement, particularly for cardiovascular health. The quality of available evidence is generally good, though some studies have small sample sizes or inconsistent results.
Benefits
Grape seed extract (GSE) has several evidence-based benefits. A meta-analysis showed that GSE significantly reduces diastolic blood pressure (DBP) by approximately -2.20 mmHg and heart rate by -1.25 bpm. GSE is also associated with significant decreases in total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and triglycerides. Furthermore, GSE exhibits antioxidant properties and can reduce markers of inflammation like C-reactive protein. Some studies suggest GSE may improve mood related to stress perception. The effects are more pronounced in younger or obese individuals, as well as those with metabolic disorders. Benefits are typically observed within several weeks to months of supplementation.
How it works
Grape seed extract (GSE) primarily works through its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory mechanisms. It improves vascular function and reduces oxidative stress. GSE interacts with the cardiovascular system by modulating blood pressure and lipid profiles. At the molecular level, GSE targets endothelial cells, reducing adhesion molecules and endothelin-1 secretion. While the bioavailability of GSE polyphenols is generally low, they can still exert significant biological effects by influencing key biological pathways related to cardiovascular health and inflammation.
Side effects
Grape seed extract (GSE) is generally considered safe for consumption. Common side effects are not well-documented, but gastrointestinal upset is possible. Uncommon side effects (1-5%) include potential allergic reactions or interactions with medications. Rare side effects (<1%) are not well-documented. GSE may interact with anticoagulants or blood pressure medications, so caution is advised for individuals taking these drugs. It is contraindicated in pregnancy and breastfeeding due to limited data. Individuals with bleeding disorders or those taking anticoagulant medications should exercise caution. It is important to consult with a healthcare provider before starting GSE, especially if you have underlying health conditions or are taking other medications.
Dosage
The minimum effective dose of grape seed extract (GSE) is typically around 100 mg per day. Studies often use doses between 300 mg to 2,000 mg per day. The maximum safe dose is not well-established, but doses up to 2,000 mg have been used in studies. There are no specific timing recommendations for GSE. Capsules or tablets are common forms. Bioavailability may be enhanced when taken with food. No specific cofactors are required. It is important to adhere to recommended dosage ranges and consult with a healthcare provider for personalized advice.
FAQs
How should I take grape seed extract for best results?
Grape seed extract can be taken with meals to potentially enhance absorption. There is no specific timing recommendation, so choose a time that is convenient for you.
Is grape seed extract safe to take with other medications?
While generally safe, individuals should consult healthcare providers before starting GSE, especially if on medications like anticoagulants or blood pressure medications, due to potential interactions.
How long does it take to see the benefits of grape seed extract?
Benefits may be noticeable within weeks to months of consistent supplementation. Individual results may vary, and it should be used as part of a healthy lifestyle.
Is grape seed extract a cure for cardiovascular issues?
No, GSE is not a cure-all for cardiovascular issues; it should be used alongside a healthy lifestyle, including a balanced diet and regular exercise, to support overall health.
Research Sources
- https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7922661/ – This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical study on healthy volunteers over 16 weeks found that grape seed extract significantly modulated blood pressure and improved mood related to stress perception. The study's limitations include a small sample size and gender-specific effects, but the methodology was considered good.
- https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33671310/ – This study investigated the effects of grape seed extract. The findings suggest potential benefits related to the extract's antioxidant properties and its impact on various health markers. Further research is needed to fully elucidate the mechanisms and clinical applications.
- https://www.nutraingredients-latam.com/Article/2020/01/13/Meta-analysis-supports-grape-seed-extract-s-cardiovascular-potential/ – This meta-analysis supports the cardiovascular potential of grape seed extract, highlighting its ability to reduce diastolic blood pressure and heart rate. The analysis also suggests benefits on cholesterol and triglycerides, reinforcing the extract's role in promoting heart health.
- https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34107109/ – This study focused on the impact of grape seed extract on oxidative stress and inflammation markers in adults. The results indicated that GSE supplementation modulated these markers, suggesting potential anti-inflammatory and antioxidant benefits. However, some studies included in the analysis had small sample sizes, which could affect the overall strength of the findings.
- https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34798267/ – This meta-analysis showed that GSE significantly reduced DBP and heart rate, with benefits on cholesterol and triglycerides. The study's limitations include heterogeneity among studies, but it provides a comprehensive overview of GSE's cardiovascular effects.