Feverfew Leaf
Also known as: Feverfew, Featherfew, Wild Chamomile, *Tanacetum parthenium*
Overview
Feverfew (*Tanacetum parthenium*) is a perennial herb native to Europe and Asia, known for its anti-inflammatory and anti-migraine properties. Traditionally used for its medicinal effects, it primarily caters to individuals seeking relief from migraines and inflammatory conditions. The herb contains bioactive compounds like sesquiterpene lactones, particularly parthenolide, which play a crucial role in its therapeutic mechanisms. Research on feverfew's effectiveness is moderate, with various clinical trials yielding mixed results regarding its benefits and the quality of existing studies. While some evidence points towards its efficacy, particularly for migraine prevention, consistency in findings and methodological rigor remains a challenge.
Benefits
Feverfew is largely recognized for its capacity to reduce the frequency and severity of migraines, although the strength of evidence varies across studies. Some studies indicate significant reductions in migraine occurrences, while others do not support its efficacy convincingly. Additionally, its anti-inflammatory properties may benefit conditions such as arthritis, especially among adults. Recommendations for its use tend to stress caution in pediatric populations and variances in effects based on specific patient conditions and demographics. Consistent use over several months is typically required to evaluate its full efficacy.
How it works
Feverfew's primary biological mechanisms involve the inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis and possible modulation of serotonin pathways. The active component, parthenolide, has been shown to bind to and inhibit the IκB kinase complex (IKK) β, disrupting pro-inflammatory signaling. This interaction affects the body's inflammatory and vascular systems, potentially leading to relief from migraine symptoms. Variability in bioavailability among different commercial preparations may influence overall effectiveness, making standardized extracts preferable for consistency.
Side effects
Feverfew is generally regarded as safe with mild, commonly reported adverse effects. These include gastrointestinal disturbances and, less frequently, allergic reactions or mouth ulcers. Rarely, individuals might experience severe allergic reactions. Potential drug interactions are notable with anticoagulants such as warfarin, necessitating caution. Contraindications include pregnancy and breastfeeding due to insufficient safety data. Further caution is advised in children and those on blood-thinning therapies, as individual responses can vary significantly.
Dosage
The recommended dosage of feverfew typically standardizes to 0.2% parthenolide content. Optimal dosages range from 50 to 100 mg of dried leaf extract per day, with maximum safe doses not well established but generally advised to not exceed 300 mg daily. Consistent daily intake is recommended for migraine prevention, and the form of supplement, such as dried leaf or standardized extracts, may influence absorption and efficacy. Due to variability in commercial preparations, maintaining a consistent formulation is advised to ensure adequate bioavailability.
FAQs
How should feverfew be taken for best results?
Consistency in daily dosing and quality of the supplement is crucial for maximizing benefits.
Is feverfew safe for everyone?
Consult a healthcare provider if taking anticoagulants or if planning to use during pregnancy.
How long does it take to see results from feverfew?
Benefits can vary; typically, several months of consistent use are necessary to evaluate efficacy.
Can feverfew cure migraines?
Feverfew is not a cure for migraines but may help in reducing their frequency.
What forms of feverfew are recommended?
Dried leaf and standardized extracts are preferred for optimal dosing and efficacy.
Research Sources
- https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/documents/herbal-report/final-assessment-report-tanacetum-parthenium-l-schulz-bip-herba-revision-1_en.pdf – This assessment report by the European Medicines Agency provides an evaluation of the safety and efficacy of feverfew. It highlights its traditional use for migraine relief and describes the variability in study results regarding its effectiveness.
- https://phcogrev.com/sites/default/files/PhcogRev-5-9-103.pdf – This review discusses the role of herbal supplements, including feverfew, in managing migraines. It notes the mixed quality of evidence supporting its use and calls for further research to establish clinical efficacy.
- https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/public-health-nutrition/article/efficacy-and-safety-of-feverfew-tanacetum-parthenium-l-an-update-of-a-systematic-review/58D33D08C23C4F4C9625DBD3470A43C0 – A systematic review assessing the efficacy and safety of feverfew found insufficient evidence to conclude it is more effective than placebo for reducing migraine symptoms, yet some studies indicated beneficial outcomes.
- https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11276299/ – An examination of feverfew's role in migraine treatment detailing a randomized controlled trial. The findings suggest possible benefits while emphasizing the need for more comprehensive investigations.
- https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/ptr.6701 – This article reviews clinical evidence regarding feverfew, highlighting its potential in migraine management and calling attention to the inconsistent findings across various studies, underscoring the necessity for future trials.
