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Ginkgo Biloba Leaf Glycerite Liquid Extract

Also known as: Ginkgo biloba, Maidenhair Tree, Ginkgo

Overview

Ginkgo biloba is a plant extract derived from the leaves of the Ginkgo biloba tree, native to China. It is a popular herbal supplement known for its potential cognitive and circulatory benefits. The extract contains flavonoids and terpenoids, which are believed to be responsible for its therapeutic effects. Ginkgo biloba is available in various forms, including capsules, tablets, and liquid extracts. It is commonly used to improve memory, enhance cognitive function, and promote better blood circulation. While extensive research has been conducted on Ginkgo biloba, the quality of evidence varies, with systematic reviews and meta-analyses providing mixed results. Some studies show significant benefits, while others report limited efficacy. It is important to note that Ginkgo biloba is not a cure for any disease but may be used as an adjunct therapy.

Benefits

Ginkgo biloba has shown potential benefits in several areas. Some studies suggest improvements in cognitive function and memory, although results are inconsistent. It may also improve blood flow by increasing red blood cell deformability and decreasing red cell aggregation. Secondary effects with supporting evidence include potential benefits in reducing positive symptoms in patients with schizophrenia and improving activities of daily living in individuals with dementia. Additionally, Ginkgo biloba may offer benefits in improving respiratory function and modulating inflammation in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). The effect sizes and clinical significance vary across studies, with some showing significant improvements while others report minimal effects. Generally, benefits are observed over several weeks to months of consistent use.

How it works

Ginkgo biloba exerts its effects through multiple mechanisms. It possesses antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, which help protect cells from damage and reduce inflammation. Additionally, it acts as a vasodilator, improving blood flow throughout the body. The flavonoids and terpenoids in Ginkgo biloba interact with various biological pathways, including those involved in inflammation, oxidative stress, and neurotransmitter activity. By improving blood flow and affecting neurotransmitter activity, Ginkgo biloba may enhance cognitive function. The absorption and bioavailability of Ginkgo biloba can vary based on the extract formulation and individual metabolism.

Side effects

Ginkgo biloba is generally considered safe when used appropriately, but it can cause side effects in some individuals. Common side effects (occurring in more than 5% of users) include gastrointestinal upset and headache. Uncommon side effects (occurring in 1-5% of users) may include dizziness and allergic reactions. Rare side effects (occurring in less than 1% of users) include bleeding risks, especially when combined with anticoagulants. Ginkgo biloba may interact with anticoagulants, diabetes medications, and certain antidepressants. It is contraindicated in pregnancy, breastfeeding, and individuals with bleeding disorders. Caution is advised in patients with diabetes or those taking medications that affect blood clotting. Due to the potential for increased bleeding risk, Ginkgo biloba should be discontinued before any surgical procedures.

Dosage

The typical effective dose of Ginkgo biloba starts at 120 mg per day of a standardized extract. Optimal dosage ranges are generally between 120-240 mg per day, and the maximum safe dose should not exceed 480 mg per day. It is best taken with meals to minimize gastrointestinal side effects. Liquid extracts may offer better bioavailability compared to capsules. Food intake can affect absorption, so consistency in timing relative to meals is recommended. There are no specifically identified required cofactors for Ginkgo biloba supplementation. It is advisable to start with a lower dose and gradually increase it to assess tolerance and minimize potential side effects.

FAQs

How should I take Ginkgo biloba?

Start with a low dose (e.g., 120mg) and take it with meals to minimize gastrointestinal upset. Monitor for any side effects and adjust the dosage accordingly, not exceeding 480mg per day.

Is Ginkgo biloba safe to use with other medications?

Ginkgo biloba may interact with anticoagulants, diabetes medications, and certain antidepressants. Consult with a healthcare provider before using it, especially if you are taking other medications.

What are the expected results from taking Ginkgo biloba?

Results vary; some individuals may experience cognitive or circulatory benefits. It is not a cure for dementia or schizophrenia but may be used as an adjunct therapy to potentially improve symptoms.

Who should avoid taking Ginkgo biloba?

Pregnant or breastfeeding women and individuals with bleeding disorders should avoid Ginkgo biloba. Caution is advised for patients with diabetes or those taking medications that affect blood clotting.

Research Sources

https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3679686/ – This systematic review and meta-analysis examined the effects of Ginkgo biloba in patients with schizophrenia and dementia. The key findings indicated a reduction in positive symptoms in schizophrenia and improved cognitive function in dementia patients. However, the authors noted that the variability in study quality limited the overall strength of the evidence.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39830333/ – This meta-analysis investigated the use of Ginkgo biloba as an adjunct therapy for diabetic kidney disease. The study suggested potential benefits, but the evidence was mixed due to heterogeneity among the included studies. The authors concluded that while Ginkgo biloba may offer some advantages, further research is needed to confirm its efficacy in this population.
https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/documents/herbal-report/final-assessment-report-ginkgo-biloba-l-folium_en.pdf – This final assessment report from the European Medicines Agency provides a comprehensive overview of Ginkgo biloba. It details the traditional uses, pharmacological effects, and safety profile of Ginkgo biloba leaf extracts. The report serves as a regulatory document, summarizing the available scientific evidence to support the use of Ginkgo biloba in specific health conditions.
https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/pharmacology/articles/10.3389/fphar.2025.1524505/full – This systematic review and meta-analysis explored the effects of Ginkgo biloba on Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (IPF). The study found improvements in respiratory function and inflammation markers in patients with IPF. The authors acknowledged that the limited number of studies available constrained the strength of their conclusions, indicating a need for more research in this area.
https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/pharmacology/articles/10.3389/fphar.2024.1408546/full – This study investigates the effects of Ginkgo biloba on diabetic kidney disease. The research suggests potential benefits as an adjunct therapy, though the evidence is mixed. The authors highlight the heterogeneity among studies as a limitation, indicating the need for further research to solidify these findings.