Guanidinopropionic Acid
Also known as: Beta-Guanidinopropionic acid, β-GPA, 3-Carbamimidamidopropanoic acid, Guanidinopropionic acid, Guanidinopropionate, N-[amino(imino)methyl]-β-alanine, Beta-Guanidinopropionic Acid
Overview
Beta-Guanidinopropionic Acid (β-GPA) is a synthetic compound related to creatine, studied for various potential biological effects. It is primarily utilized in the context of reducing blood pressure and improving metabolic conditions like hyperglycemia, particularly in animal models. β-GPA is presented as a white crystalline powder that is water-soluble. Its primary action involves inhibiting the enzyme creatine kinase, which is key in energy metabolism. Research on β-GPA is predominantly in early stages, focusing on preclinical and initial human trials, revealing moderate evidence but calling for more rigorous human studies to confirm its efficacy and safety across diverse health conditions.
Benefits
Evidence suggests that β-GPA may significantly lower systolic and diastolic blood pressure in spontaneously hypertensive rats by an impressive 42.7 mm Hg and 35.3 mm Hg respectively (p < 0.001). Additionally, it enhances vasodilation in mesenteric arteries and has shown potential for improving hyperglycemia in animal studies. Despite these dramatic effects in animal experiments, the translation of these benefits to human physiology remains uncertain, indicating a need for larger clinical trials to determine its efficacy and safety in humans. Currently, the strongest evidence comes from animal studies, underscoring the necessity for further research to establish human-wide applicability.
How it works
β-GPA inhibits creatine kinase, an enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of creatine to phosphocreatine, thus affecting ATP energy availability in cells. This inhibition alters energy metabolism, particularly in vascular tissue, leading to reduced vascular contraction and enhanced vasodilation. The compound also shows potential effects on glucose metabolism, contributing to its investigational therapeutic roles in cardiovascular and metabolic conditions.
Side effects
The safety profile of β-GPA remains largely uncharacterized in humans, with predominant findings sourced from animal studies suggesting it is generally well-tolerated without significant adverse outcomes at assessed doses. However, the lack of comprehensive human trials leaves potential long-term effects unknown. Common side effects have not been documented in existing literature. There are no established drug interactions, but caution is advised as it might impact other cardiovascular medications. Pregnant or breastfeeding individuals, along with those with chronic health issues, are encouraged to consult healthcare professionals prior to use, given the scant safety data.
Dosage
Current research does not establish a definitive effective dose for human application. In existing animal studies demonstrating significant effects, specific dosing to inhibit creatine kinase was utilized. Human trials are needed to ascertain optimal dosage ranges, maximum safe limits, time of administration, and to clarify how formulation factors might influence uptake. The compound's ability to be dissolved in water suggests potential routes of oral administration, though detailed formulations have yet to be assessed thoroughly.
FAQs
What should I know before using β-GPA?
The shortfall of comprehensive human data on β-GPA necessitates caution. Consult healthcare providers before initiating use.
Is β-GPA safe for long-term use?
Human long-term safety data is lacking; therefore, ongoing monitoring and consultation with health professionals is advisable.
When should I take β-GPA?
Currently, no specific timing guidelines for β-GPA administration have been established in humans.
What effects can I expect from β-GPA?
Anticipate potential reductions in blood pressure and metabolic improvements, but confirmatory human trials are still necessary.
Is β-GPA a natural compound?
No, β-GPA is a synthetic compound and not naturally occurring.
Research Sources
- https://pure.uva.nl/ws/files/1521197/119415_12.pdf – This study investigated the impact of β-GPA on hypertensive rats, resulting in significant reductions in blood pressure and enhanced vasodilatory responses, showcasing its potential in cardiovascular health.
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guanidinopropionic_acid – The Wikipedia entry offers a general overview of Guanidinopropionic acid, covering its properties, classifications, and noted applications in health-related research.
- https://hmdb.ca/metabolites/HMDB0013222 – The Human Metabolome Database entry for β-GPA provides detailed chemical information and biochemical properties relevant to its study and potential applications.
- https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35837742/ – This PubMed entry references a planned randomized controlled trial investigating the effects of β-GPA in comparison to creatine, indicating progress in research and potential findings yet to be revealed.
- https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Guanidino-compounds-after-creatine-supplementation-Taes-Marescau/fb8943a84ba2de7c3bf3a5a6700461c20e1f9b98 – This study protocol outlines plans to evaluate the acute effects of β-GPA, emphasizing the quality of the study design as it aims to enhance knowledge around this compound's applications.
Supplements Containing Guanidinopropionic Acid
NO Shotgun V.3 Black Cherry
VPX
Dark Matter Zero Carb Concentrate Fruit Punch
MHP Maximum Human Performance
Dark Matter Fruit Punch
MHP Maximum Human Performance
Dark Matter Blue Raspberry
MHP Maximum Human Performance
Dark Matter Grape
MHP Maximum Human Performance
Hyper Shock Rage Atomic Grape
MYOGENIX