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Horny Goat Weed Complex

Also known as: Horny Goat Weed, Yinyanghuo, Fairy Wings, Rowdy Lamb Herb, Barrenwort, Bishop's Hat, Icariin, Epimedium

Overview

Horny Goat Weed, scientifically known as *Epimedium*, is a genus of plants used in traditional Chinese medicine. Its primary active component is *Icariin*. It is commonly used as an herbal supplement for its purported aphrodisiac properties and potential benefits for bone health. *Epimedium* is often marketed for improving erectile dysfunction (ED) and increasing libido. The purported mechanism of action involves *Icariin*'s ability to inhibit phosphodiesterase-5 (PDE5), similar to some ED medications. While animal and *in vitro* studies show promise, human research is limited, and the quality of available evidence is generally low. It is available in various forms, including capsules, tablets, powders, and teas.

Benefits

Limited evidence suggests that Horny Goat Weed may offer benefits for erectile dysfunction due to *Icariin*'s PDE5 inhibiting properties, though robust human studies are lacking. Some research indicates potential benefits for bone health, particularly in postmenopausal women, possibly due to its estrogenic activity. A small clinical trial involving postmenopausal women reported no side effects and suggested potential benefits for bone health over an eight-week period. However, the effect sizes and clinical significance are not well-quantified due to the limited number of high-quality human studies. More rigorous research is needed to confirm these benefits and determine the optimal dosage and long-term effects.

How it works

Horny Goat Weed's primary mechanism of action is believed to be through the inhibition of phosphodiesterase-5 (PDE5) by *Icariin*. This inhibition increases nitric oxide levels, which can improve blood flow. Additionally, *Icariin* exhibits estrogenic activity, potentially impacting the reproductive and skeletal systems. The supplement interacts with the cardiovascular, reproductive, and skeletal systems. Absorption rates can vary depending on the formulation and co-ingestion with other herbs. Further research is needed to fully elucidate the absorption and bioavailability of *Icariin* and its metabolites.

Side effects

Horny Goat Weed is generally considered safe when taken orally, but long-term safety data is limited. Common side effects include abdominal discomfort and nausea. Uncommon side effects may include mood changes and anxiety. Rare side effects, though less frequent, can include severe breathing problems and hallucinations. It may interact with anticoagulants and blood pressure medications, potentially altering their effectiveness. It may also decrease the effectiveness of Viagra. Contraindications include pregnancy and breastfeeding. Individuals with bipolar disorder or those taking certain medications should exercise caution and consult with a healthcare provider before use.

Dosage

Due to limited human research, a minimum effective dose for Horny Goat Weed is unclear. Animal studies suggest that 60mg of *Icariin* may be active. Estimated human doses range from 11-150mg of *Icariin* for a 150lb person. The maximum safe dose has not been established, and higher doses may increase the risk of side effects. There are no specific timing recommendations for taking Horny Goat Weed. It is available in various forms, including capsules, tablets, powder, and tea. Co-ingestion with other herbs may enhance absorption. It is crucial to consult with a healthcare provider to determine the appropriate dosage and ensure safety.

FAQs

Should I consult a healthcare provider before using Horny Goat Weed?

Yes, it is crucial to consult a healthcare provider before using Horny Goat Weed, especially if you are taking medications, have pre-existing health conditions, or are pregnant or breastfeeding, to ensure safety and avoid potential interactions.

Are there any known interactions with other medications?

Yes, Horny Goat Weed may interact with anticoagulants, blood pressure medications, and may decrease the effectiveness of Viagra. Consult your healthcare provider to assess potential interactions with your current medications.

What are the expected results from taking Horny Goat Weed?

Evidence for efficacy in humans is limited. While some studies suggest potential benefits for erectile dysfunction and bone health, more research is needed to confirm these effects. Results may vary, and it is not a substitute for proven medical treatments.

Is Horny Goat Weed as effective as medications like Viagra?

No, it is a misconception that Horny Goat Weed is as effective as pharmaceuticals like Viagra. There is insufficient evidence to support this claim, and it should not be used as a direct substitute without consulting a healthcare provider.

Research Sources

https://examine.com/supplements/horny-goat-weed/research/ – Examine.com provides a comprehensive overview of the research on Horny Goat Weed, highlighting that while some studies suggest potential benefits, the overall evidence is limited, particularly in human clinical trials. The site emphasizes the need for more rigorous studies to confirm the efficacy and safety of Horny Goat Weed for various health conditions.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32358510/ – This systematic review evaluates various ingredients, including horny goat weed, in supplements marketed for erectile dysfunction. The review concludes that there is limited evidence supporting the efficacy of horny goat weed for ED and emphasizes the need for more rigorous human clinical trials to validate its purported benefits.
https://www.verywellhealth.com/horny-goat-weed-for-men-89463 – Verywell Health provides an overview of Horny Goat Weed, noting its traditional use for erectile dysfunction and other conditions. The article highlights the lack of robust human studies and advises caution, emphasizing the importance of consulting with a healthcare provider before use due to potential side effects and interactions.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31036522/ – This study investigates the effects of icariin, a primary component of Horny Goat Weed, on bone health in postmenopausal women. The findings suggest potential benefits for bone health without reported side effects, but the small sample size and short duration limit the generalizability of the results, indicating a need for larger, longer-term studies.
https://examine.com/supplements/horny-goat-weed/ – Examine.com offers a detailed analysis of Horny Goat Weed, summarizing the available research on its effects, mechanisms, and safety. The analysis points out that while in vitro and animal studies show promise, human evidence is limited, and more high-quality clinical trials are needed to confirm its benefits and establish safe usage guidelines.