Iodopropynyl Butylcarbamate
Also known as: Iodopropynyl Butylcarbamate, IPBC, 3-Iodo-2-propynylbutylcarbamate, Iodocarb, 3-Iodo-2-propynyl N-butylcarbamate
Overview
Iodopropynyl Butylcarbamate (IPBC) is a synthetic compound primarily utilized as a broad-spectrum preservative in various industrial and cosmetic products. Unlike typical dietary supplements, IPBC is not derived from natural sources and is not intended for human consumption. Its main function is to inhibit the growth of fungi and bacteria, thereby extending the shelf life and maintaining the integrity of products such as paints, wood preservatives, and a wide range of cosmetics. Research on IPBC predominantly focuses on its efficacy and safety as a preservative, with studies evaluating its antimicrobial properties and potential for dermal irritation. There is a significant lack of research regarding its use or effects as a dietary supplement, and it is not classified as such. The available evidence pertains almost exclusively to its external application in consumer products, highlighting its role in product preservation rather than any direct health benefits for humans.
Benefits
Iodopropynyl Butylcarbamate (IPBC) is not typically used as a dietary supplement, and consequently, there is no established research demonstrating health benefits when consumed internally. Its primary benefits are exclusively related to its function as a preservative in non-dietary applications. In cosmetics and industrial products, IPBC is highly effective in preventing the growth of a wide spectrum of microorganisms, including various fungi and bacteria. This preservative action helps to maintain product stability, prevent spoilage, and ensure product safety by inhibiting microbial contamination. The strength of evidence for these preservative properties is high, based on extensive use and regulatory evaluations in the cosmetic and industrial sectors. However, these benefits are entirely external and do not translate to any direct health advantages for individuals.
How it works
Iodopropynyl Butylcarbamate (IPBC) functions as an antimicrobial agent by inhibiting the growth of a broad spectrum of microorganisms, including fungi and bacteria. While the precise biological pathways of its action in humans are not well-studied due to its primary use as an external preservative, its general mechanism involves disrupting microbial cellular processes. There is concern that IPBC could potentially release iodine, which might interact with human thyroid function, though this is primarily a theoretical concern in the context of cosmetic exposure. Specific molecular targets in human biological systems are not well-defined, and data on its absorption and bioavailability in humans, particularly if ingested, are extremely limited.
Side effects
Iodopropynyl Butylcarbamate (IPBC) is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics at concentrations below 0.1%. However, it is not intended for internal consumption as a dietary supplement, and its safety profile in that context is largely unknown. When used topically in cosmetics, the most commonly reported side effects are contact dermatitis and allergic reactions, which have been observed in some individuals. These reactions typically manifest as skin irritation, redness, or itching. While uncommon, these sensitivities highlight that not all individuals tolerate IPBC well. Specific rare side effects are not well-documented. There are no significant drug interactions reported for topical use, but a theoretical concern exists regarding the potential release of iodine from IPBC, which could interact with thyroid function if absorbed systemically. Therefore, individuals with pre-existing thyroid conditions or pregnant women should exercise caution. IPBC is not contraindicated for dietary supplement use as it is not a dietary supplement, but its ingestion is not recommended due to lack of safety data.
Dosage
Iodopropynyl Butylcarbamate (IPBC) is not a dietary supplement and therefore has no established dosing guidelines for human consumption. Its use is strictly limited to external applications as a preservative in various products. In cosmetic formulations, IPBC is typically used at very low concentrations, generally below 0.1%. This concentration is deemed safe for topical application by regulatory bodies. There are no recommendations for timing, different dosages for specific purposes, or considerations for form and absorption factors, as it is not intended for internal use. Furthermore, there are no established upper limits or safety thresholds for internal consumption, as such use is not advised or studied.
FAQs
Is Iodopropynyl Butylcarbamate safe to consume as a supplement?
No, Iodopropynyl Butylcarbamate (IPBC) is not intended for human consumption as a dietary supplement. It is a synthetic preservative used in cosmetics and industrial products, and there is no research supporting its safety or efficacy when ingested.
What are the primary uses of IPBC?
IPBC is primarily used as an antimicrobial preservative in various products, including cosmetics, paints, and wood treatments. Its purpose is to prevent the growth of fungi and bacteria, thereby extending product shelf life and maintaining integrity.
Can IPBC cause allergic reactions?
Yes, when used topically in cosmetics, IPBC has been reported to cause contact dermatitis and allergic reactions in some sensitive individuals. Symptoms may include skin irritation, redness, or itching.
Does IPBC affect thyroid function?
There is a theoretical concern that IPBC could release iodine, which might potentially interact with thyroid function if absorbed systemically. However, this is primarily a consideration for topical use, and more research is needed.
Research Sources
- https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9145267/ – This study identified Iodopropynyl Butylcarbamate (IPBC) as a contact allergen. Among 311 patch test patients, three showed positive reactions to IPBC, indicating its potential to cause allergic contact dermatitis in susceptible individuals.
- https://ec.europa.eu/health/ph_risk/committees/sccp/documents/out288_en.pdf – The Scientific Committee on Cosmetic Products and Non-Food Products Intended for Consumers (SCCNFP) evaluated the safety of IPBC. They requested further studies, particularly concerning the potential release of iodine from IPBC and its subsequent effects on thyroid function, highlighting an area of ongoing safety concern.
- https://www.cir-safety.org/sites/default/files/butylcarbamate_rr.pdf – The Cosmetic Ingredient Review (CIR) Expert Panel concluded that IPBC is safe for use in cosmetics at appropriate concentrations. However, the review also noted a significant lack of data regarding its use or safety as a dietary supplement, reinforcing that its application is limited to external products.
- https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/62097 – This PubChem entry provides comprehensive chemical information for Iodopropynyl Butylcarbamate (IPBC), including its chemical structure, synonyms, and basic properties. It serves as a foundational resource for understanding the compound's identity and characteristics.
