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Lactobacillus Parakefir

Also known as: Lactobacillus parakefir, L. parakefir

Overview

*Lactobacillus parakefir* is a species of lactic acid bacteria isolated from kefir grains, a fermented milk product. As a heterofermentative lactobacillus, it ferments sugars to produce lactic acid and other compounds. While research on *L. parakefir* itself is limited, it is used as a probiotic to support gut health, immune function, and overall well-being. Evidence is primarily based on isolation and characterization studies, with few clinical trials specifically focused on this strain. General probiotic benefits, such as immune modulation and gut microbiota support, may apply. Further research is needed to fully understand its specific effects and optimal usage. It is characterized by its physiological and biochemical properties, as well as its DNA guanine-plus-cytosine content and DNA-DNA relatedness.

Benefits

Due to limited research specifically on *Lactobacillus parakefir*, its benefits are largely inferred from studies on other *Lactobacillus* species. Probiotics, in general, are known to modulate the immune system and may reduce the risk of certain diseases. For instance, *Lactobacillus plantarum* has shown significant effects on immune parameters like interleukin (IL)-10, IL-4, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and interferon (IFN)-γ. Probiotics can also aid in preventing and treating antibiotic-associated diarrhea (AAD) and modulating the gut microbiota. A meta-analysis on probiotics for AAD demonstrated a statistically significant reduction in diarrhea risk. However, specific effect sizes and clinical significance for *L. parakefir* cannot be directly quantified without more targeted research.

How it works

Probiotics like *Lactobacillus parakefir* generally function by modulating the gut microbiota, enhancing the intestinal barrier, and regulating immune responses. The mechanism involves regulating pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines. Probiotics interact with the gastrointestinal and immune systems, producing metabolites, competing with pathogenic bacteria, and stimulating anti-inflammatory cytokine production. While specific molecular targets for *L. parakefir* are not well-defined, probiotics, in general, target various immune cells and cytokines. Absorption and bioavailability depend on factors like the strain, dose, and formulation, but specific data for *L. parakefir* is lacking.

Side effects

Probiotics are generally considered safe, but the specific safety profile of *Lactobacillus parakefir* is not well-documented. Common side effects of probiotics can include mild gastrointestinal symptoms such as bloating, gas, and abdominal pain, though specific data on *L. parakefir* is unavailable. Uncommon side effects may include allergic reactions or infections, but these are rare. Caution is advised in immunocompromised individuals or those with severe illnesses. There are no specific contraindications for *L. parakefir*, but probiotics should be used cautiously in certain populations such as immunocompromised individuals, pregnant women, children, and the elderly. Consulting healthcare providers before use in these populations is recommended.

Dosage

There is no established minimum effective, optimal, or maximum safe dose for *Lactobacillus parakefir* due to the lack of specific clinical trials. For other probiotic strains, doses typically range from 1 to 10 billion CFU (Colony-Forming Units) per day. General recommendations for probiotics suggest doses between 1 to 10 billion CFU per day, depending on the strain and condition being treated. Probiotics can be taken at any time of day, but it is often recommended to take them with meals to enhance survival through the stomach. Probiotics are available in various forms including capsules, tablets, powders, and fermented foods. Prebiotics can enhance the survival and efficacy of probiotics by providing a food source for the bacteria.

FAQs

How should *L. parakefir* supplements be stored?

Probiotics should be stored in a cool, dry place to maintain viability and effectiveness. Avoid exposure to heat and moisture.

Can *L. parakefir* be taken with antibiotics?

It is generally recommended to take probiotics at a different time of day than antibiotics to avoid interference with the antibiotic's action.

Are there any known side effects of *L. parakefir*?

While specific data is lacking, common side effects of probiotics are typically mild and transient, such as bloating or gas.

When is the best time to take *L. parakefir*?

There is no specific timing recommendation, but taking it with meals can enhance survival through the digestive system.

Is *L. parakefir* the same as other probiotic strains?

No, each probiotic strain has unique characteristics and effects. *L. parakefir* is distinct from other strains like *L. acidophilus* or *B. bifidum*.

Research Sources

https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/immunology/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2021.643420/full – This meta-analysis examined the impact of *Lactobacillus plantarum* on immune parameters. The study found that *L. plantarum* significantly modulated key immune markers such as IL-10, IL-4, TNF-α, and IFN-γ, suggesting its potential in immune regulation. However, the study notes limitations due to heterogeneity between included studies and variations in probiotic doses and types.
https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/1151505 – This systematic review and meta-analysis of 63 RCTs involving 11,811 participants found that probiotics significantly reduced the risk of antibiotic-associated diarrhea (AAD). The pooled relative risk was 0.58 (95% CI, 0.50 to 0.68; P < 0.001), indicating a substantial protective effect. While the trial quality varied, the consistent results from numerous double-blind RCTs support the efficacy of probiotics in preventing AAD.
https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.08.23.21262411v1.full – This review of 294 meta-analysis articles assessed the overall effects of probiotics on human health. The review found that probiotics showed overall positive effects in preventing and treating various diseases, with no detrimental effects reported. The authors highlight the need for improved reporting and consistency in probiotic meta-analyses.
https://www.microbiologyresearch.org/content/journal/ijsem/10.1099/00207713-44-3-435 – This study details the isolation and characterization of *Lactobacillus parakefir* from kefir grains. It describes the physiological and biochemical properties of the bacteria, including its DNA guanine-plus-cytosine content and DNA-DNA relatedness. This research provides foundational information about the unique characteristics of *L. parakefir*.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38064222/ – This citation does not provide enough information to generate a summary.