Lactococcus Lactis Cremoris
Also known as: Lactococcus lactis, L. lactis subsp. cremoris, Lactococcus cremoris, Lactococcus lactis subsp. cremoris
Overview
Lactococcus lactis subsp. cremoris is a gram-positive, non-motile, and non-spore-forming bacterium primarily used in the fermentation of dairy products, particularly cheese. This bacterium ferments lactose, producing lactic acid, which aids in food preservation and enhances flavor. Emerging studies suggest its potential as a probiotic with immunomodulatory properties and positive effects on gastrointestinal health. While most research has been conducted in animal models and in vitro, there are indications of limited promising clinical evidence in humans. Naturally found in various fermented dairy products, this bacterium plays a crucial role in the fermentation process, contributing to both food safety and quality.
Benefits
The evidence-based benefits of Lactococcus lactis subsp. cremoris include: 1) **Gastrointestinal Protection:** Animal studies reported significant reductions in disease activity and mucosal injury in DSS-induced colitis models through TLR2 and Myd88-mediated pathways. 2) **Immune System Modulation:** Research indicates it enhances macrophage activity and supports anti-tumor immunity in murine models, potentially benefiting immune-compromised individuals. 3) **Wound Healing:** The bacterium promotes epithelial cell proliferation and accelerates healing via TLR2 signaling. 4) **Metabolic Health:** Preliminary evidence suggests beneficial effects on metabolic dysregulation, especially among older adults following a Western diet. These benefits are particularly relevant to gastrointestinal health and immune support across various populations, highlighting Lactococcus lactis subsp. cremoris as a promising probiotic candidate.
How it works
Lactococcus lactis subsp. cremoris elicits its beneficial effects through mechanisms involving TLR2 and Myd88 signaling pathways, which are essential for immune modulation. Engaging with these receptors enhances macrophage activity and fortifies adaptive immunity. It also impacts the JAK-STAT signaling pathway, crucial for tissue homeostasis and repair, allowing the bacterium to confer protective effects on the gastrointestinal tract.
Side effects
Lactococcus lactis subsp. cremoris is generally recognized as safe when ingested and is commonly found in various fermented foods. The most frequently reported side effects are mild gastrointestinal symptoms, such as bloating and gas, though these effects are not extensively documented for this specific strain. No severe or uncommon adverse effects are associated with its use. Drug interactions appear minimal, but individuals on immunosuppressive therapies or those who are immunocompromised should exercise caution. Pregnant or breastfeeding women and individuals with chronic conditions should consult with a healthcare provider before use. Despite the robust safety profile, individual variations in health may necessitate a cautious approach.
Dosage
While a specific minimum effective dose for Lactococcus lactis subsp. cremoris is not well established, studies suggest that a daily intake of approximately 1×10^8 CFU (Colony Forming Units) may offer significant health benefits without adverse effects reported at this level. There are no established guidelines for optimal or maximum dosages. It is advisable to consume probiotic supplements with food to enhance bacterial survival rates during digestion, facilitating gut colonization. This strain is available in various forms, including capsules, powders, and fermented foods, providing flexible administration options.
FAQs
Is *L. lactis* subsp. cremoris safe?
Yes, it is generally safe for consumption but consult a healthcare provider if you have health concerns, particularly if you are immunocompromised.
How should I take it?
It is recommended to take *L. lactis* subsp. cremoris with food to enhance its survival and colonization in the gut.
What benefits should I expect?
Potential benefits include improved gastrointestinal health, enhanced immune function, and possible support for metabolic and liver health.
Can I replace my medications with it?
*L. lactis* subsp. cremoris is not a substitute for medical treatment. Always use it under healthcare guidance.
