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Lemon Root

Also known as: Lemon root, Citrus root extract, Lemon (Citrus limon) root extract, Citrus limon root extract

Overview

Lemon root, derived from the root of the *Citrus limon* plant, is a botanical extract garnering attention for its potential health benefits, although direct research is limited. As a member of the Rutaceae family, *Citrus limon* is rich in flavonoids and other bioactive compounds, primarily studied in the peel, pulp, and leaves. Extracts from citrus plants, including lemon root, are explored for their roles in weight management, cardiovascular health, and improving lipid profiles. Key components include flavonoids like hesperidin, naringin, and polymethoxylated flavones, known for their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and metabolic regulatory properties. While research specifically on lemon root is sparse, broader studies on citrus fruit extracts provide insights into its potential effects. The available evidence suggests that lemon root may offer benefits similar to other citrus extracts, particularly for metabolic and cardiovascular health.

Benefits

Citrus extracts, potentially including lemon root, have demonstrated several benefits: * **Weight Control:** Meta-analyses indicate that citrus extracts can significantly reduce body weight, BMI, waist circumference, and hip circumference. A meta-analysis of 13 RCTs showed an average weight reduction of 1.28 kg over at least 4 weeks. (Moderate Evidence) * **Endothelial Function:** Citrus flavonoid supplementation has been shown to improve flow-mediated vasodilation (FMD), indicating enhanced endothelial function. A systematic review found that citrus flavonoids increased FMD by 2.75%, with a dose-response relationship. (Moderate Evidence) * **Lipid Profile:** Preclinical and clinical studies suggest that citrus extracts can reduce total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol levels, supporting their use in managing dyslipidemia. (Preliminary Evidence) These benefits are most pronounced in adults with overweight or cardiovascular risk factors. The observed effects are modest but statistically significant, suggesting a potential role for citrus extracts in supporting metabolic and cardiovascular health.

How it works

Citrus flavonoids, present in lemon root, exert their effects through several biological pathways. They modulate lipid metabolism, reducing the synthesis and increasing the breakdown of fats. Additionally, these flavonoids reduce oxidative stress by scavenging free radicals and enhancing antioxidant enzyme activity. They also improve nitric oxide bioavailability, which is crucial for endothelial function and vasodilation. These actions collectively contribute to improved cardiovascular health and metabolic regulation. The absorption and bioavailability of citrus flavonoids are influenced by gut microbiota, which metabolize these compounds into more readily absorbable forms.

Side effects

Citrus extracts, including lemon root, are generally well-tolerated. Common side effects are rare, with mild gastrointestinal discomfort occasionally reported. Uncommon side effects (1-5%) may include allergic reactions in sensitive individuals. Serious adverse events are rare. Potential drug interactions exist, particularly with statins and blood pressure medications, due to the effects on metabolism and vasodilation; caution is advised when combining these. Contraindications include known allergies to citrus fruits. Data on the safety of lemon root in pregnant or lactating women are limited, warranting caution. Overall, lemon root appears to have a favorable safety profile, but individuals should be aware of potential allergic reactions and drug interactions.

Dosage

Due to limited research specifically on lemon root, dosage recommendations are based on studies of citrus extracts in general. A minimum effective dose of citrus flavonoids appears to be around 200 mg/day for endothelial benefits. Optimal dosage ranges typically fall between 200 to 500 mg/day of flavonoids, as used in clinical trials. The maximum safe dose is not firmly established, but doses up to 500 mg/day appear safe in studies. Daily dosing for at least 4 weeks is recommended to observe benefits. Extracts standardized for flavonoid content are preferred. Co-administration with food may enhance bioavailability. It's important to note that these recommendations are based on general citrus extract research, and individual responses may vary.

FAQs

Is lemon root the same as citrus peel extract?

Lemon root is less studied directly. Most evidence comes from citrus peel or whole fruit extracts, so research findings may be applicable but not directly confirmed for lemon root specifically.

Can lemon root help with weight loss?

Citrus extracts, including potentially lemon root, have shown modest reductions in body weight and waist circumference in studies. It may be a helpful adjunct to a healthy diet and exercise.

Is it safe long term?

Current evidence supports short- to medium-term safety for citrus extracts. Long-term data are limited, so it's best to consult with a healthcare provider for extended use.

When will I see results?

Effects from citrus extracts typically appear after 4 weeks or more of consistent use. Individual results may vary based on dosage, diet, and other lifestyle factors.

Are there any drug interactions?

Possible interactions with cardiovascular drugs exist. Consult with healthcare providers before using lemon root, especially if you are taking medications for blood pressure or cholesterol.

Research Sources

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32182635/ – This meta-analysis of 13 RCTs involving 921 adults found that citrus extracts significantly reduced body weight by 1.28 kg and improved BMI and waist circumference over at least 4 weeks. The study noted high heterogeneity among the included trials and did not detect publication bias, suggesting a potential benefit of citrus extracts for weight management.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38561995/ – A systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of 8 RCTs with 596 participants demonstrated that citrus flavonoids increased flow-mediated vasodilation (FMD) by 2.75%. The study indicated a linear dose-response relationship, with FMD increasing by 1.09% per 200 mg/day of citrus flavonoids, suggesting a positive impact on endothelial function.
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/ptr.6673 – This review discusses the potential health benefits of citrus flavonoids, including their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and cardioprotective effects. It highlights the mechanisms by which these compounds may improve cardiovascular health and reduce the risk of chronic diseases, emphasizing the importance of further research to fully elucidate their therapeutic potential.
https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/pharmacology/articles/10.3389/fphar.2022.822678/full – This review examines the effects of citrus extracts on lipid control, presenting a meta-analysis of preclinical and clinical studies that indicates citrus extracts can reduce total cholesterol and LDL levels. The findings suggest that citrus extracts may be beneficial in managing dyslipidemia, although more clinical trials are needed to confirm these effects.
https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/10/1523 – This review provides a comprehensive overview of the bioactive compounds found in citrus fruits and their potential health benefits. It discusses the various mechanisms by which these compounds may exert their effects, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer activities, highlighting the importance of citrus fruits as a source of health-promoting compounds.