Lotus Plumule Extract
Also known as: Lotus Plumule, Lotus Bud, Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn.
Overview
Lotus plumule, scientifically known as *Nelumbo nucifera* Gaertn., is an herbal extract derived from the bud of the lotus plant. Historically used in traditional medicine, it is gaining attention for its potential health benefits, particularly its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. While research on lotus plumule is emerging, it is still relatively limited compared to other herbal supplements. The available evidence, primarily from animal and in vitro studies, suggests promising effects, but more rigorous human clinical trials are needed to fully substantiate its efficacy and safety for various applications. It is important to note that due to the presence of higenamine, a substance banned in sports, athletes should exercise caution or avoid its use.
Benefits
Lotus plumule has been primarily investigated for its anti-inflammatory properties. Some animal studies suggest it can reduce pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as TNF-α, which are involved in inflammatory responses. However, human studies are scarce, and thus the strength of evidence for this benefit in humans is currently low. It may also possess antioxidant and anti-glycative properties, though these effects are not well-studied in human populations. Currently, there is insufficient evidence to recommend lotus plumule for specific conditions or populations, and the clinical significance and effect sizes of its potential benefits are not well-quantified due to the limited scope and number of available studies.
How it works
The potential mechanisms of action for lotus plumule are attributed to its bioactive compounds, which are believed to interact with inflammatory pathways. Specifically, it may help reduce the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. While it is thought to influence immune responses and oxidative stress, the precise molecular targets and specific biological pathways involved are not yet fully understood. Information regarding the absorption and bioavailability of its active compounds within the human body is also limited, making it challenging to fully elucidate its systemic effects.
Side effects
Lotus plumule is generally considered safe, but its safety profile is not extensively documented, particularly regarding common, uncommon, or rare side effects. A significant concern, especially for athletes, is its content of higenamine, a substance that can lead to adverse analytical findings and potential doping violations. This makes it a contraindication for competitive athletes. Potential drug interactions have not been well-studied, so caution is advised when combining it with medications. For special populations such as pregnant or breastfeeding women, there is a lack of sufficient safety data, and therefore, consultation with a healthcare provider is recommended before use. Long-term safety data is also currently unavailable.
Dosage
The minimum effective dose and optimal dosage ranges for lotus plumule have not been established in human studies. While it has been traditionally consumed, there are no standardized dosing guidelines for its use as a supplement. The maximum safe dose is also undefined. There are no specific timing recommendations for its consumption, nor are there specific recommendations for different forms of the supplement, as its absorption factors are not well-studied. No specific cofactors are known to be required for its efficacy. Due to the lack of established guidelines, users should exercise caution and consult with a healthcare professional.
FAQs
Can athletes use lotus plumule?
No, athletes should avoid lotus plumule. It contains higenamine, a substance that can lead to positive doping tests and potential violations of anti-doping regulations.
What are the main benefits of lotus plumule?
Research suggests potential anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. However, most studies are in animals or in vitro, and human evidence is currently limited.
Is lotus plumule safe for long-term use?
The long-term safety of lotus plumule has not been well-documented. While generally considered safe in traditional use, more research is needed to confirm its safety over extended periods.
Are there any specific dosage recommendations?
Currently, there are no established minimum effective or optimal dosage ranges for lotus plumule in humans. Dosage is not standardized, and more research is needed.
Can pregnant or breastfeeding women take lotus plumule?
There is insufficient data on the safety of lotus plumule for pregnant or breastfeeding women. It is recommended to consult a healthcare provider before use in these populations.
Research Sources
- https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31973198/ – This human study investigated the urinary excretion of higenamine after lotus plumule consumption in six participants. It found that consumption led to urinary higenamine concentrations exceeding WADA thresholds, indicating a risk of doping violations for athletes. The study highlights the importance of awareness regarding natural products containing banned substances.
- https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7070534/ – This article discusses the presence of higenamine in various plants, including lotus plumule, and its implications for sports doping. It reinforces the finding that lotus plumule can contribute to positive higenamine tests, posing a significant risk for athletes due to its stimulant and beta-2 agonist properties.
- https://www.jfda-online.com/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2472&context=journal – This animal study explored the anti-inflammatory effects of lotus plumule. It demonstrated that lotus plumule supplementation reduced TNF-α levels in LPS-challenged mice, providing preliminary evidence for its anti-inflammatory potential. However, these findings are from an animal model and may not directly translate to humans.
- https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/nutrition/articles/10.3389/fnut.2022.1022794/full – This phytochemical analysis identified various bioactive compounds within lotus plumule, suggesting its potential for health benefits. The study provides foundational knowledge about the chemical composition of lotus plumule, which underpins its traditional uses and potential pharmacological activities, though further in vivo studies are needed.
