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Maitake Fruiting Body Proprietary Extract

Also known as: Grifola frondosa, Maitake, Hen of the Woods, Dancing Mushroom

Overview

Maitake, scientifically known as *Grifola frondosa*, is an edible mushroom native to Asia and North America. It is characterized by its large, overlapping fruiting bodies and is commonly consumed as both food and medicine. The proprietary extract is derived from the fruiting body and standardized for specific polysaccharide fractions, notably beta-glucans, including D-fraction and MD-fraction. Maitake is primarily used as an immunomodulator and as an adjunct in cancer and HIV therapy, with emerging applications for metabolic health, such as managing hyperlipidemia, hypertension, and diabetes. Research on Maitake is considered to be at a moderate level, with most evidence stemming from preclinical studies or small clinical trials. While the available evidence is generally positive, it is limited by small sample sizes and a lack of large, high-quality randomized controlled trials. Maitake is rich in polysaccharides, low in calories and fat, and is recognized for its potential immunomodulatory and metabolic effects.

Benefits

Maitake extract demonstrates immunomodulatory benefits, potentially increasing CD4+ T-cell counts in some HIV patients, although effects on viral load are variable. Preclinical studies suggest antitumor activity, supporting its adjunctive use in cancer therapy. Secondary benefits include potential improvements in metabolic health, such as reduced weight gain and improved lipid profiles, primarily observed in animal models. Some studies suggest possible blood pressure-lowering effects. Maitake may be particularly beneficial for individuals with HIV, cancer, metabolic syndrome, and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). However, the clinical effects are often modest and not consistently robust across studies. Improvements in immune markers and overall well-being may be observed within weeks to months, while metabolic effects in animal models typically manifest over several weeks.

How it works

Maitake extract primarily works by activating both innate and adaptive immune responses through beta-glucan receptors, such as Dectin-1, found on immune cells. This activation modulates cytokine production and may exert direct antiviral and antitumor effects. The polysaccharides in Maitake are poorly absorbed orally, suggesting that its effects are largely mediated via gut-associated lymphoid tissue and systemic immune modulation. The extract interacts primarily with the immune system, with secondary effects on the metabolic and cardiovascular systems. Molecular targets include beta-glucan receptors on immune cells, as well as potential interactions with viral and tumor cell surfaces.

Side effects

Maitake extract is generally well-tolerated, with few reported adverse effects in clinical studies. Common side effects are rare, but mild gastrointestinal upset is possible. Uncommon side effects, occurring in 1-5% of users, are not well-documented, although allergic reactions may occur in sensitive individuals. Rare side effects have not been reported in the available literature. No significant drug interactions have been reported, but caution is advised when using Maitake with immunosuppressive drugs due to its immunomodulatory effects. There are no well-established contraindications, but individuals with known mushroom allergies should avoid Maitake. Limited data are available regarding the use of Maitake during pregnancy, lactation, and in children, so caution is advised in these groups.

Dosage

The minimum effective dose of Maitake extract is not well-established. Clinical studies have used 20 mg of purified MD-fraction plus 4 g of whole Maitake powder daily. Optimal dosage ranges typically fall between 1–6 g/day of whole Maitake powder or an equivalent extract, or 20–40 mg/day of purified MD-fraction. The maximum safe dose has not been definitively established, but doses up to 6 g/day have been used safely in clinical studies. There are no specific timing requirements for taking Maitake, and it can be taken with or without food. Standardized extracts, such as MD-fraction, are preferred for consistent dosing, while whole powder provides a broader spectrum of compounds. Due to the poor absorption of polysaccharides, the effects are likely mediated via the gut and systemic immune activation.

FAQs

Is Maitake extract safe?

Maitake extract is generally safe for most people, but those with mushroom allergies should avoid it. Side effects are rare, but mild gastrointestinal upset is possible. Consult a healthcare provider before use, especially if you have existing health conditions.

When should I take Maitake extract?

Maitake extract can be taken at any time of day, with or without food. Consistency is key, so choose a time that fits easily into your daily routine to ensure regular intake.

What are the expected benefits of taking Maitake extract?

Maitake extract may offer modest improvements in immune markers and overall well-being. Metabolic benefits are less certain in humans. It is not a cure for any disease but may be a helpful adjunct to conventional treatments.

Can Maitake extract cure cancer or HIV?

No, Maitake extract is not a cure for cancer or HIV. It is used as an adjunctive therapy to support conventional medical treatments and may offer some benefits in managing these conditions.

How long does it take to see results from taking Maitake extract?

Some people may notice improvements in immune markers and well-being within a few weeks to months. However, individual results can vary, and it's important to maintain realistic expectations.

Research Sources

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11207456/ – This study investigated the effects of Maitake extracts in HIV-positive subjects. The results showed that CD4+ T-cells increased in some patients, while viral load decreased in others, with a majority reporting improved well-being. However, the study lacked a control group and had a small sample size, limiting the strength of its conclusions.
https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/full/10.1089/acm.2009.0696?src=recsys – This clinical trial explored the potential of Maitake extract to induce ovulation in PCOS patients. The study found that Maitake extract may indeed induce ovulation in this population. However, the available abstract lacks detailed information, such as sample size and duration, making a robust assessment difficult.
https://altmedrev.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/v6-1-48.pdf – This review provides an overview of Maitake's properties and potential health benefits. It highlights Maitake's immunomodulatory and metabolic effects, noting its potential as an adjunct in HIV and cancer therapy. The review also emphasizes the need for further large, well-designed RCTs to confirm efficacy and establish optimal dosing.
https://www.peacehealth.org/medical-topics/id/ncicdr0000778578 – This resource from PeaceHealth discusses the use of mushrooms in cancer treatment. It provides general information about the potential benefits and limitations of using mushrooms as complementary therapies in cancer care, emphasizing the importance of consulting with healthcare professionals.
https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/treatment/cam/hp/mushrooms-pdq – This page from the National Cancer Institute provides information about mushrooms and their potential role in cancer treatment. It discusses the available research on various types of mushrooms and their effects on cancer cells, as well as potential side effects and interactions with conventional treatments.