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mg per gram Mitragynine

Also known as: Kratom alkaloid, Mitragynine

Overview

Mitragynine is the primary active alkaloid found in the leaves of the *Mitragyna speciosa* tree, commonly known as kratom, native to Southeast Asia. It is traditionally used for its stimulant and analgesic properties. At low doses (5-10 mg), mitragynine may enhance attention and arousal, while higher doses may induce sedation and analgesia. Mitragynine interacts with opioid receptors, though its mechanism is distinct from traditional opioids. It is available in various forms, including kratom leaves, powders, capsules, and extracts. Research on mitragynine is emerging, with increasing studies on its pharmacology and safety, but more research is needed to fully understand its effects and safety profile. The quality of available evidence is variable, highlighting the need for more systematic reviews and meta-analyses.

Benefits

Mitragynine has potential benefits for pain relief and mood enhancement, though evidence is mixed. Low doses (5-10 mg) may enhance attention and arousal. Higher doses may induce sedation and analgesia. These effects are attributed to its interaction with opioid receptors. However, the effect sizes and clinical significance are not yet fully established, and more research is needed to confirm these benefits. The effects typically begin within 30 minutes to 1 hour after ingestion. May be beneficial for individuals seeking natural pain relief or mood enhancement.

How it works

Mitragynine primarily acts on opioid receptors, including mu, delta, and kappa opioid receptors, though its mechanism is distinct from traditional opioids. It interacts with the central nervous system, primarily affecting mood and pain perception. The oral bioavailability of mitragynine varies widely (3-31.2%) depending on the form of administration. Its effects are dose-dependent, with stimulation at low doses and sedation at higher doses.

Side effects

Mitragynine is generally considered safe at low to moderate doses, but high doses may cause adverse effects. Common side effects include nausea, dizziness, and headaches. Uncommon side effects include anxiety and agitation. Rare side effects include seizures and psychosis (rarely reported). Potential drug interactions exist with other central nervous system depressants. Mitragynine is contraindicated in pregnancy, breastfeeding, and individuals with a history of substance abuse. Caution is advised for individuals with psychiatric conditions. It's important to start with low doses to assess tolerance and effects and to avoid combining it with other central nervous system depressants.

Dosage

The minimum effective dose of mitragynine is approximately 5 mg for stimulant effects. Optimal dosage ranges are 5-10 mg for stimulation and higher doses for sedation. Up to 40 mg has been studied without severe adverse effects. Effects typically last several hours. Kratom tea or powder may have different bioavailability compared to isolated mitragynine. Bioavailability can vary significantly based on preparation method. Start with low doses to assess tolerance and effects. Monitor for side effects. There are no specifically identified required cofactors.

FAQs

How should I start using mitragynine?

Start with low doses (e.g., 5 mg) to assess your tolerance and the effects. Monitor for any side effects and adjust the dosage accordingly. Avoid combining with other central nervous system depressants.

Is mitragynine safe?

Generally considered safe at low to moderate doses, but high doses may cause adverse effects. Avoid if pregnant, breastfeeding, or with a history of substance abuse. Consult a healthcare provider before use.

What are the expected results from mitragynine?

At low doses, expect stimulation and enhanced attention. At higher doses, expect sedation and potential pain relief. Effects are dose-dependent, so monitor your response carefully.

Can mitragynine replace medical treatment?

No, mitragynine is not a substitute for medical treatment. Consult a healthcare provider for any health concerns and before using mitragynine as a supplement.

Research Sources

https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/29/5/984 – Fowble and Musah (2019) reported the concentration of mitragynine in kratom products, highlighting variability in content. This study underscores the importance of standardization and quality control in kratom products to ensure consistent and predictable effects.
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0278691524004794 – A 2024 study found that low doses (5-10 mg) of mitragynine enhance attention and arousal, while higher doses (40 mg) may cause amnesia and distress. This research highlights the dose-dependent effects of mitragynine and the potential for adverse effects at higher dosages.
https://journals.lww.com/journaladdictionmedicine/fulltext/2024/03000/responses_to_a__typical__morning_dose_of_kratom_in.8.aspx – A 2024 pharmacokinetic study examined the pharmacokinetics of mitragynine in humans, showing variable bioavailability depending on the form of administration. This study emphasizes the importance of considering the preparation method when determining appropriate dosages.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39724441/ – This source provides general information about mitragynine and its effects. Further review of the full text would be needed to extract specific findings and methodologies.
https://cdn.who.int/media/docs/default-source/controlled-substances/unedited--advance-copy-44th-ecdd-review-report_kratom.pdf – This report from the World Health Organization provides a comprehensive review of kratom, including information on mitragynine. It covers various aspects such as its pharmacology, toxicology, and potential for dependence, offering a balanced perspective on its risks and benefits.