Mugwort Extract
Also known as: Artemisia vulgaris, Artemisia annua, Mugwort, Wormwood, Sagebrush
Overview
Mugwort, primarily *Artemisia vulgaris*, is a plant native to Europe, Asia, and North Africa, traditionally used in medicine. It contains flavonoids, phenolic compounds, and other bioactive molecules. It has been used for digestive issues, as a vermifuge, and in moxibustion, a traditional therapy involving the burning of mugwort close to the skin, for pain relief and other conditions. Research on mugwort is moderately mature, with some studies exploring its pharmacological effects, but systematic reviews are limited. The quality of available evidence varies, with some studies showing potential benefits that require further confirmation. Mugwort extracts and moxibustion are the most common forms used.
Benefits
Some evidence suggests that *Artemisia* extracts may reduce insulin resistance. A meta-analysis indicated a decrease in HOMA-IR (-0.734, 95% CI: -1.236 to -0.232, P = .019) with *Artemisia* supplementation. However, effects on fasting blood glucose, insulin, and glycated hemoglobin were not statistically significant. Moxibustion, which sometimes uses mugwort, may help reduce chemotherapy symptoms and improve quality of life, though more research is needed. These benefits may be more pronounced in individuals with insulin resistance or those undergoing chemotherapy. The effect size for reducing HOMA-IR is moderate but requires further investigation for clinical significance.
How it works
The bioactive compounds in mugwort may interact with metabolic pathways, influencing insulin sensitivity. These compounds may also have cytotoxic effects, potentially affecting cancer cell viability. Mugwort's flavonoids and phenolic compounds may target cellular pathways involved in insulin signaling and cell proliferation. It may affect the endocrine system by improving insulin sensitivity and could have anti-cancer properties through cytotoxicity. However, the absorption and bioavailability of these compounds are not well-studied.
Side effects
Mugwort is generally considered safe when used traditionally, but extracts may pose risks due to their bioactive compounds. Common side effects are not well-documented. Uncommon side effects include the potential for allergic reactions or interactions with medications. Rare side effects include possible genotoxic effects at high concentrations. Mugwort may interact with diabetes medications or other drugs affecting metabolism. It is contraindicated in pregnancy and breastfeeding due to potential effects on fetal development. Caution is advised for individuals with allergies or those taking medications.
Dosage
The minimum effective dose of mugwort is not established, and optimal dosage ranges vary based on traditional use and specific extracts. The maximum safe dose is also not well-defined. Traditional forms include teas, tinctures, and moxibustion. There are no specified timing considerations or required cofactors. Due to the limited research on dosage and potential side effects, it is crucial to consult with a healthcare professional before using mugwort extracts or supplements.
FAQs
Is mugwort safe to use?
Mugwort is generally considered safe when used traditionally, but modern extracts may pose risks. More research is needed to fully understand its safety profile, especially concerning potential side effects and interactions.
What are the potential benefits of mugwort?
Mugwort may offer potential benefits for insulin sensitivity and reducing chemotherapy symptoms. However, more research is required to confirm these effects and determine their clinical significance.
How should mugwort be administered?
Mugwort can be administered in various forms, including teas, tinctures, and moxibustion. However, timing and administration guidelines are not well-documented, so caution and professional guidance are advised.
Is mugwort a proven treatment for diabetes or cancer?
No, mugwort is not a proven treatment for diabetes or cancer. It is used traditionally and in some alternative therapies, but more rigorous scientific evidence is needed to support these uses.
Research Sources
- https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34390100/ – A meta-analysis of six studies found that supplementation with *Artemisia* extract decreased HOMA-IR, a measure of insulin resistance. However, the extract did not significantly affect other glycemic markers. The study highlights the potential of *Artemisia* in managing insulin resistance, but notes the need for further research due to limited sample sizes and variability in study designs.
- https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7583039/ – In vitro and in vivo studies showed that methanolic extracts of *A. vulgaris* exhibited genotoxic and cytotoxic activities. These effects were particularly pronounced when combined with mitomycin C. The study suggests potential anti-cancer properties but emphasizes the need for in vivo confirmation to validate these findings.
- https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/ijcp.14719 – This review of moxibustion studies suggests that it may improve the quality of life and reduce chemotherapy symptoms in patients. However, the authors note that more research is needed to confirm these benefits. The review highlights the potential of moxibustion as a complementary therapy but acknowledges the limitations of the current evidence base.
- https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/15347354241233226 – This article discusses the use of Artemisia species in treating various ailments. It highlights the traditional uses and potential pharmacological benefits of Artemisia, while also noting the need for further research to validate these claims and ensure safety.
- https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/mugwort – This article provides an overview of mugwort, including its traditional uses and potential health benefits. It also discusses the possible side effects and precautions associated with its use, emphasizing the importance of consulting with a healthcare professional before using mugwort for medicinal purposes.
