MYRTRIMONIUM BROMIDE
Also known as: Myrtrimonium Bromide, Tetradonium Bromide, Cetrimide
Overview
Myrtrimonium Bromide is a synthetic quaternary ammonium compound primarily utilized in the cosmetic industry as a preservative and antiseptic. It is not found naturally and is synthesized through chemical reactions. Its main function is to prevent microbial growth in cosmetic products, thereby extending their shelf life, and it also possesses antimicrobial properties. This compound is water-soluble and has a melting point between 245°C and 250°C. While it is widely used, peer-reviewed research specifically focusing on Myrtrimonium Bromide is limited, with most information stemming from its applications in cosmetics and antiseptic solutions. The available evidence is largely descriptive, lacking extensive clinical trials to fully support its efficacy and safety profile.
Benefits
The primary benefit of Myrtrimonium Bromide is its antimicrobial activity against bacteria, yeast, and mold, which helps to preserve cosmetic products. It also offers potential antiseptic benefits in topical formulations, although robust clinical data confirming this is limited. Due to its low comedogenic rating, it is generally suitable for use in cosmetic products, including those designed for individuals prone to blemishes. The antimicrobial action occurs immediately upon application, providing a protective barrier against microbial contamination. However, the effect sizes and clinical significance of these benefits have not been thoroughly quantified in clinical trials.
How it works
Myrtrimonium Bromide functions as a quaternary ammonium compound, disrupting the cell membranes of microorganisms. This disruption leads to the leakage of cellular contents and ultimately, cell death. When applied topically, systemic absorption is minimal, ensuring that its effects are largely localized. It inhibits dynamin GTPase activity, which affects endocytosis. Its interaction with the body is primarily limited to the skin surface, where it exerts its antimicrobial effects without significantly penetrating deeper tissues.
Side effects
Myrtrimonium Bromide is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, but potential side effects should be noted. The most common side effect is potential skin irritation, particularly in individuals with sensitive skin. Uncommon side effects may include allergic reactions, although these are rarely reported. There are no documented rare side effects. Drug interactions are not significant for topical use. It is contraindicated for use on broken skin or in individuals with known hypersensitivity to quaternary ammonium compounds. While generally safe for most populations, caution is advised for those with sensitive skin types to minimize the risk of irritation or allergic reactions.
Dosage
As Myrtrimonium Bromide is primarily used in cosmetic formulations, specific dosage guidelines are not applicable in the same way as they would be for a systemic medication. The concentration of Myrtrimonium Bromide in a product is typically determined by the formulation requirements to achieve effective antimicrobial action. There is no established maximum safe dose for systemic use, as it is intended for topical application. It is continuously used as part of cosmetic formulations to maintain product integrity. It is typically found in creams, lotions, and other topical products, and minimal systemic absorption is expected. No specific cofactors are required for its function.
FAQs
How should I use products containing Myrtrimonium Bromide?
Use cosmetic products containing Myrtrimonium Bromide as directed on the product label. Avoid application on broken skin to minimize potential irritation.
Is Myrtrimonium Bromide safe for cosmetic use?
Yes, it is generally considered safe for cosmetic use. However, individuals with sensitive skin may experience skin irritation. Discontinue use if irritation occurs.
What is the purpose of Myrtrimonium Bromide in cosmetics?
It acts as an antimicrobial agent, helping to extend the shelf life of cosmetic products by preventing the growth of bacteria, yeast, and mold.
Is Myrtrimonium Bromide intended for internal use?
No, it is not intended for systemic use or as a dietary supplement. It is designed for topical application only.
Research Sources
- https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/1091581812467378 – This study investigates the use of preservatives in cosmetic formulations. It highlights the importance of preservatives like Myrtrimonium Bromide in preventing microbial contamination and ensuring product safety and efficacy, emphasizing the need for effective preservation strategies in cosmetic manufacturing.
- https://www.ewg.org/cleaners/substances/3727-MYRTRIMONIUMBROMIDE/ – The Environmental Working Group (EWG) provides a safety assessment of Myrtrimonium Bromide. Their assessment helps consumers understand potential hazards and safety considerations associated with its use in various products, focusing on potential skin irritation and environmental impact.
- https://www.dovepress.com/emollient-formulations-containing-antiseptics-reduce-effectively-the-l-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-CCID – This article discusses the use of antiseptic-containing emollient formulations to reduce bacterial load on the skin. It highlights the role of antiseptics like Myrtrimonium Bromide in maintaining skin hygiene and preventing infections, particularly in clinical settings.
- https://www.deascal.com/ingredient-information/myrtrimonium-bromide/ – This resource provides ingredient information on Myrtrimonium Bromide, focusing on its properties and applications. It offers insights into its role as a preservative and antimicrobial agent in cosmetic products, aiding formulators in understanding its benefits and usage guidelines.
- https://www.atamanchemicals.com/mytrimonium-bromide-cetrimide_u27472/ – Ataman Chemicals provides technical information on Myrtrimonium Bromide (Cetrimide), detailing its chemical properties and applications. This resource is useful for understanding its role as a disinfectant and antiseptic in various industrial and cosmetic applications.