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Olea Europaea extract

Also known as: Olea europaea extract, Olive leaf extract, OLE, olive leaf, Olea europaea L.

Overview

Olea europaea extract (OLE), commonly known as olive leaf extract, is derived from the leaves of the olive tree (Olea europaea L.). It is a botanical supplement rich in polyphenolic compounds, particularly oleuropein, which are believed to contribute to its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and cardiometabolic properties. OLE is primarily utilized as a dietary supplement to support cardiovascular health, aid in blood pressure regulation, and assist in the management of metabolic syndrome. Research on OLE is moderately mature, with a growing body of evidence from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and systematic reviews/meta-analyses, especially concerning its effects on cardiometabolic outcomes. While the quality of evidence is generally good, further large-scale studies are needed to overcome limitations such as small sample sizes and variability in dosing and study duration.

Benefits

Olea europaea extract offers several evidence-based benefits, primarily in cardiometabolic health. Systematic reviews and meta-analyses consistently demonstrate that OLE supplementation significantly reduces both systolic and diastolic blood pressure. For instance, studies have shown reductions of approximately 5-7 mmHg in systolic blood pressure and 2-4 mmHg in diastolic pressure over 1 to 12 weeks, with daily doses ranging from 60 mg to 1600 mg. These benefits appear most pronounced in adults with hypertension or metabolic syndrome risk factors. Some research also suggests modest improvements in lipid profiles, such as total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol, although these effects are less consistent and smaller in magnitude compared to blood pressure reductions. Limited data also indicate potential modest reductions in fasting blood glucose and improvements in insulin sensitivity, but these findings require further confirmation through more extensive research.

How it works

Olea europaea extract's beneficial effects are primarily attributed to its main bioactive compound, oleuropein, and other polyphenols. Oleuropein exhibits potent antioxidant properties by scavenging free radicals and anti-inflammatory effects by modulating inflammatory pathways. It is believed to improve endothelial function and enhance nitric oxide bioavailability, leading to vasodilation and subsequent reduction in blood pressure. Additionally, oleuropein and related compounds may inhibit angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), a mechanism similar to some blood pressure medications. While oleuropein itself has moderate absorption, its metabolism yields hydroxytyrosol, another bioactive compound that contributes to OLE's overall effects.

Side effects

Olea europaea extract is generally considered safe and well-tolerated when used at doses up to 1600 mg daily for short-term periods (up to 12 weeks). Side effects are rare but may include mild gastrointestinal discomfort, such as stomach upset. While no significant adverse drug interactions have been widely reported, caution is advised when OLE is combined with antihypertensive or antidiabetic medications due to the potential for additive effects, which could lead to excessively low blood pressure or blood sugar. Individuals on such medications should consult a healthcare professional before starting OLE supplementation. Contraindications are not well-established, but due to a lack of sufficient safety data, OLE should be used cautiously during pregnancy and lactation. Long-term safety data beyond 12 weeks are also limited, warranting further research.

Dosage

Effective doses of Olea europaea extract, as observed in randomized controlled trials, typically range from 60 mg to 1600 mg daily. This dosage range refers to olive leaf extract standardized for its oleuropein content. The duration of supplementation in most studies has been between 4 to 12 weeks. While there is no established maximum safe dose, doses exceeding 1600 mg daily have not been thoroughly studied for safety or efficacy. OLE is available in various forms, including capsules and liquid extracts, and bioavailability may vary depending on the specific preparation. To enhance absorption and minimize potential mild gastrointestinal discomfort, it is often recommended to take OLE with meals. There are no specific dosage adjustments for different purposes, but individuals should adhere to the recommended ranges based on research findings.

FAQs

How soon do benefits appear?

Blood pressure reductions from Olea europaea extract are typically observed within 4 to 12 weeks of consistent supplementation, as indicated by clinical studies.

Is OLE safe long-term?

Long-term safety data for Olea europaea extract are limited. While short-term use (up to 12 weeks) appears safe and well-tolerated, more research is needed to confirm its safety over extended periods.

Can OLE replace medications?

Olea europaea extract may complement, but should not replace, prescribed antihypertensive or metabolic medications. Always consult a healthcare professional before making changes to your medication regimen.

Are all olive leaf extracts equal?

The potency of olive leaf extracts can vary significantly. It is preferable to choose standardized extracts, which ensure a consistent and specified content of active compounds like oleuropein.

Research Sources

https://peerj.com/articles/11173/ – This systematic review and meta-analysis by Ismail et al. (2021) assessed the effects of OLE on cardiometabolic profiles. It found significant reductions in systolic and diastolic blood pressure, with mean differences around -5 to -7 mmHg and -2 to -4 mmHg respectively. The study noted less consistent effects on lipid and glucose parameters and highlighted limitations such as a small number of trials and heterogeneity in dosing.
https://journalrip.com/PDF/jrip-11-e31933.pdf – Fatahian et al. (2022) conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis including 4 RCTs. Their findings confirmed significant blood pressure-lowering effects of OLE compared to placebo or active controls. The study emphasized the need for larger trials to further validate these findings and provide more robust evidence.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38287654/ – Álvares et al. (2024) conducted a systematic review evaluating OLE's impact on cardiometabolic risk factors. The review supported blood pressure reduction and suggested potential benefits on lipid and glucose metabolism. It also pointed out methodological limitations in existing studies and called for standardized dosing and longer-term research.