Organic Artichoke
Also known as: Cynara scolymus, Artichoke, Globe Artichoke
Overview
Artichoke (*Cynara scolymus*) is a plant native to the Mediterranean region, primarily used for its medicinal properties derived from its leaves. It has a long history of traditional use for indigestion and liver support. More recently, it has been studied for its potential to lower cholesterol levels. Artichoke is rich in bioactive compounds, including flavonoids, phenolic acids, and cynarin, which are believed to contribute to its health benefits. It is available in various forms, including capsules, tablets, and extracts. Research on artichoke is considered moderate, with several systematic reviews and meta-analyses supporting its efficacy in specific areas.
Benefits
Artichoke extract has demonstrated significant benefits in improving lipid profiles. Meta-analyses have shown reductions in total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) by approximately -17 mg/dL. These effects are particularly beneficial for individuals with hyperlipidemia. Artichoke extract is also effective in alleviating symptoms of indigestion, such as nausea and stomach pain. Some evidence suggests that artichoke supplementation may help lower systolic and diastolic blood pressure in hypertensive patients, although more research is needed to confirm these effects. Benefits on lipid profiles are typically observed within 6 to 12 weeks of consistent use.
How it works
Artichoke's mechanism of action primarily involves its active compounds, such as cynarin, which may enhance bile production. Increased bile production aids in the digestion and absorption of lipids, potentially contributing to its lipid-lowering effects. Artichoke primarily affects the gastrointestinal and cardiovascular systems. While the exact molecular targets are not fully defined, flavonoids and phenolic acids may interact with various enzymes involved in lipid metabolism. Artichoke compounds are generally considered to be well-absorbed when ingested as extracts.
Side effects
Artichoke is generally considered safe for consumption, but some side effects have been reported. Common side effects, occurring in more than 5% of users, include gastrointestinal upset, such as bloating or gas. Uncommon side effects, affecting 1-5% of users, may include allergic reactions. Drug interactions are possible, particularly with cholesterol-lowering medications, although these interactions have not been extensively studied. Individuals with allergies to artichokes or related plants should avoid it. Pregnant or breastfeeding women should consult healthcare providers before use. It is important to monitor for any adverse reactions and discontinue use if necessary.
Dosage
The typical effective dose of artichoke extract ranges from 500 to 1000 mg per day, with optimal dosages ranging from 500 to 1500 mg per day. Doses above 1500 mg are less commonly studied. It is best taken with meals to enhance absorption. Extracts are more commonly used than raw artichoke. Bioavailability may be enhanced with food intake. While a maximum safe dose is not well-established, it is advisable to stay within the studied dosage ranges. No specific cofactors are required for artichoke supplementation.
FAQs
Is artichoke supplement safe?
Artichoke supplements are generally safe for most people, but individuals with allergies to artichokes or related plants should avoid them. Pregnant or breastfeeding women should consult their healthcare provider before use.
When is the best time to take artichoke supplements?
It is best to take artichoke supplements with meals to enhance absorption. Consistent daily use is recommended to achieve the desired benefits.
How long does it take to see results from artichoke supplementation?
Improvements in lipid profiles and indigestion relief can typically be observed within 6 to 12 weeks of consistent use. Individual results may vary.
Can artichoke supplements replace cholesterol-lowering medication?
Artichoke is not a replacement for cholesterol-lowering medication. It may be used as part of a broader dietary approach to manage cholesterol levels, but consult with a healthcare provider.
What are the potential side effects of artichoke?
Common side effects include gastrointestinal upset, such as bloating or gas. Allergic reactions are possible but rare. Discontinue use if you experience any adverse reactions.
Research Sources
- https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28609140/ – This meta-analysis of 9 trials involving 702 subjects found that artichoke extract significantly reduced total cholesterol levels. The study suggests that artichoke supplementation can be an effective strategy for managing hypercholesterolemia. However, the authors note that more research is needed to fully understand the long-term effects and potential interactions.
- https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/ptr.7247 – This review of 14 RCTs evaluating artichoke extract supplementation found significant reductions in TC, LDL-C, and TG. The findings support the use of artichoke extract as a natural approach to improve lipid profiles. The authors acknowledge variability in study designs and durations as a limitation.
- https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33465383/ – This review focusing on blood pressure effects found potential benefits of artichoke in hypertensive patients. The study suggests that artichoke may help reduce blood pressure. However, the authors state that more studies are needed to confirm these effects and determine the optimal dosage.
- https://www.mdpi.com/2079-7737/14/4/397 – This study investigates the potential health benefits of artichoke, highlighting its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. It suggests that artichoke consumption may contribute to overall well-being. The study emphasizes the need for further research to fully elucidate the mechanisms of action and clinical applications.
- https://www.webmd.com/vitamins/ai/ingredientmono-842/artichoke – This resource provides general information about artichoke, including its uses, benefits, and potential side effects. It notes that artichoke is traditionally used for digestive issues and may help lower cholesterol. The information is intended for general knowledge and should not be considered medical advice.
