Organic Reishi fruiting body extract
Also known as: Ganoderma lucidum, Reishi, Lingzhi, Mannenntake
Overview
Ganoderma lucidum, commonly known as Reishi, is a medicinal mushroom used in traditional Chinese medicine for centuries. It grows on decaying logs and tree stumps and is characterized by its fruiting body, which is rich in bioactive compounds like polysaccharides and triterpenoids. Reishi is primarily used for its purported health benefits, including immune system support, stress reduction, and anti-aging properties. Research on Reishi is considered moderate to high, although the quality of available evidence varies. While some high-quality studies exist, many are limited by small sample sizes or methodological flaws. It is available in various forms, including capsules, powders, and extracts, with extracts often standardized to specific concentrations of polysaccharides or triterpenoids.
Benefits
Reishi mushroom extract has demonstrated several potential health benefits, particularly in the areas of immune function and quality of life for cancer patients. A meta-analysis showed a significant improvement in immune function, specifically natural killer cell activity, in cancer patients. Additionally, a randomized controlled trial indicated that Reishi extract can improve the quality of life in breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy by reducing fatigue and enhancing overall well-being. Some studies also suggest antioxidant activity, though primarily in vitro or in animal models. Limited human studies suggest potential cardiovascular benefits, such as lowering blood pressure and cholesterol levels. The most robust evidence supports its use in improving immune function and quality of life in cancer patients, while evidence for benefits in healthy individuals is less conclusive but suggests potential for stress reduction.
How it works
Ganoderma lucidum exerts its effects through multiple biological pathways. Primarily, it interacts with the immune system by activating natural killer cells and modulating cytokine production. The polysaccharides and triterpenoids present in Reishi extract are believed to be the key active compounds that interact with immune cells and receptors. It affects the immune, cardiovascular, and nervous systems. While polysaccharides are generally well-absorbed, the bioavailability of triterpenoids can vary. The exact mechanisms are still under investigation, but the modulation of immune response is a central aspect of its therapeutic action.
Side effects
Reishi mushroom is generally considered safe for most individuals when used appropriately. Common side effects, occurring in more than 5% of users, include gastrointestinal upset such as nausea and diarrhea. Uncommon side effects, affecting 1-5% of users, may include allergic reactions and skin rashes. Rare side effects, occurring in less than 1% of users, can include severe allergic reactions and potential interactions with blood thinners. It may interact with immunosuppressants, blood thinners, and diabetes medications. Reishi is contraindicated in pregnancy, breastfeeding, and for patients with severe immune disorders. Patients with autoimmune diseases should exercise caution due to its potential to modulate the immune system.
Dosage
The typical minimum effective dose of dried Reishi fruiting body is 1-3 grams per day. Optimal dosage ranges are generally between 3-6 grams per day, although this is not definitively established. There is no established maximum safe dose, but doses exceeding 6 grams per day are not commonly studied. Reishi can be taken at any time of day, but consistent daily dosing is recommended. Extracts standardized to polysaccharides or triterpenoids may offer more consistent effects than raw mushroom powder. The bioavailability of some triterpenoids may be enhanced when taken with fatty meals. Vitamin C may enhance polysaccharide absorption.
FAQs
Is Reishi mushroom safe to take?
Reishi is generally safe, but monitor for gastrointestinal side effects and potential interactions with medications. Consult a healthcare provider if you have concerns.
When is the best time to take Reishi?
Consistent daily dosing is recommended; timing relative to meals may not be critical. Some suggest taking it with a fatty meal to enhance absorption of certain compounds.
How long does it take to see results from taking Reishi?
Improvements in immune function and quality of life may be observed within several weeks to months of consistent supplementation.
Is Reishi a cure for cancer or other diseases?
Reishi is not a cure for any disease but may be used as a complementary therapy to support immune function and overall well-being. Consult with your healthcare provider.
Are there any medications that I shouldn't take with Reishi?
Reishi may interact with immunosuppressants, blood thinners, and diabetes medications. Consult with your healthcare provider before combining Reishi with other medications.
Research Sources
- https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2012.05.046 – This study published in the Journal of Ethnopharmacology investigated how Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides activate macrophages through MAPK and NF-κB pathways. The research found that these polysaccharides significantly induce macrophage activation, which is crucial for immune response. This activation occurs via specific signaling pathways, highlighting the potential of Ganoderma lucidum in modulating immune functions.
- https://doi.org/10.1080/01635581.2012.630154 – This Phase 1 clinical trial, though focused on Trametes versicolor, provides insights relevant to Reishi due to similar mechanisms. The study examined women with breast cancer and found that Trametes versicolor improved quality of life. While not directly about Reishi, it illustrates the potential of medicinal mushrooms in supporting cancer patients, which is often a context where Reishi is also considered.
- https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2017.11.046 – This in vitro study published in Carbohydrate Polymers explores the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of polysaccharides from Ganoderma lucidum. The research demonstrates that these polysaccharides possess significant antioxidant properties and can reduce inflammation. However, the in vitro design limits the generalizability of these findings to human physiology.
- https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jff.2018.04.035 – This study in the Journal of Functional Foods investigates how Ganoderma lucidum extract can alleviate atherosclerosis by reducing inflammation and oxidative stress. The research indicates that the extract has protective effects against atherosclerosis. This is achieved by inhibiting key inflammatory processes and reducing oxidative stress, suggesting potential cardiovascular benefits.
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