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Organic Rhubarb

Also known as: Rheum rhabarbarum, Rheum rhaponticum, Rhubarb, Chinese Rhubarb

Overview

Rhubarb is a plant-based supplement derived from the rhizomes and stalks of rhubarb plants, primarily *Rheum rhabarbarum* and *Rheum rhaponticum*. It has been traditionally used in medicine, particularly for gastrointestinal issues like constipation. Rhubarb is characterized by its high dietary fiber content, especially insoluble fiber, which contributes to its beneficial effects on the digestive system. Research suggests that rhubarb may also have a positive impact on cholesterol levels and menopausal symptoms. While the quality of evidence varies, some systematic reviews and meta-analyses support its use for these conditions. It is available in various forms, including raw rhubarb and standardized extracts like ERr 731. The level of research maturity is moderate, with ongoing studies exploring its full potential.

Benefits

Rhubarb offers several evidence-based benefits. It improves gastrointestinal health by increasing stool frequency and consistency in constipated individuals, likely due to its high fiber content and modulation of gut microbiota. Studies also suggest that rhubarb fiber may lower total and LDL cholesterol levels, as demonstrated in hypercholesterolemic men consuming 27g of rhubarb fiber daily. Furthermore, ERr 731, a standardized extract from *Rheum rhaponticum*, has been shown to significantly reduce menopausal symptoms, with studies reporting a mean reduction of 15.12 points on the Menopause Rating Scale. These benefits are particularly noted in middle-aged constipated patients, individuals with high cholesterol, and women experiencing menopausal symptoms. However, the cholesterol-lowering effect appears to return to baseline after supplementation ceases.

How it works

Rhubarb's mechanism of action primarily involves its high fiber content, which influences gut microbiota and cholesterol metabolism. The fiber promotes bowel movements and modulates the composition of gut bacteria, contributing to improved gastrointestinal health. Additionally, rhubarb may affect cholesterol metabolism by enhancing bile acid excretion. Studies suggest that it stimulates cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase gene expression, a key enzyme involved in bile acid synthesis. While the bioavailability of active compounds in rhubarb is not well-documented, its fiber content likely exerts local effects within the gut, influencing both digestive processes and lipid metabolism.

Side effects

Rhubarb is generally considered safe when used appropriately, but it can cause side effects, particularly at high doses. The most common side effects include gastrointestinal discomfort and diarrhea. Less common side effects are not well-documented. Rare side effects may include allergic reactions or interactions with certain medications. Rhubarb may interact with medications affecting gut motility or absorption. It is contraindicated in pregnancy and breastfeeding due to a lack of safety data. Caution is advised for individuals with kidney stones or certain gastrointestinal conditions. Excessive consumption should be avoided to prevent gastrointestinal issues. It is important to consult with a healthcare professional before using rhubarb, especially if you have underlying health conditions or are taking medications.

Dosage

Dosage recommendations for rhubarb vary depending on the specific application. For cholesterol-lowering effects, 27g of rhubarb fiber per day has been used in studies. For gastrointestinal health, specific dosage recommendations for raw rhubarb extract are not well-established. The maximum safe dose is also not established, but high doses may increase the risk of gastrointestinal side effects. It is generally recommended to take rhubarb with meals to minimize gastrointestinal discomfort. Rhubarb is commonly used in raw form or as extracts. The fiber content may affect the absorption of other nutrients, so timing should be considered. There are no documented required cofactors for rhubarb supplementation.

FAQs

Is rhubarb safe to consume?

Rhubarb is generally safe when consumed in moderation. However, excessive consumption may lead to gastrointestinal discomfort. Consult a healthcare professional if you have concerns.

When is the best time to take rhubarb?

Rhubarb is best taken with meals to minimize potential gastrointestinal discomfort. This can help reduce any irritation or digestive upset that may occur.

What are the expected benefits of taking rhubarb?

Rhubarb may improve gastrointestinal health and potentially lower cholesterol levels. However, it is not a cure-all and should be used under medical guidance if necessary.

Are there any contraindications for rhubarb?

Rhubarb is contraindicated in pregnancy and breastfeeding due to a lack of safety data. Caution is advised for individuals with kidney stones or certain gastrointestinal conditions.

Research Sources

https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9144273/ – This clinical trial with ten hypercholesterolemic men found that rhubarb fiber reduced total and LDL cholesterol levels over a four-week period. The study suggests that rhubarb fiber may have a beneficial effect on lipid metabolism, although the small sample size limits the generalizability of the findings. The cholesterol-lowering effect returned to baseline after supplementation cessation.
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11144934/ – This systematic review and meta-analysis of 390 participants found that ERr 731, a standardized extract from *Rheum rhaponticum*, significantly reduced menopausal symptoms. The study indicates that ERr 731 may be an effective treatment for managing menopausal symptoms, although high heterogeneity among the included studies suggests caution in interpreting the results. The Menopause Rating Scale scores were reduced by a mean difference of –15.12 (95% CI: –19.03 to –11.21).
https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/pharmacology/articles/10.3389/fphar.2024.1442297/full – This systematic review focused on middle-aged constipated patients and found that rhubarb supplementation improved stool frequency and consistency. The review highlights the potential of rhubarb as a natural remedy for constipation, although the variability in study designs suggests the need for more standardized research. The improvements are likely due to its fiber content and modulation of intestinal microbiota.
https://www.webmd.com/vitamins/ai/ingredientmono-214/rhubarb – This WebMD article provides a general overview of rhubarb, including its uses, benefits, and potential side effects. It notes that rhubarb is used for digestive complaints, menopausal symptoms, and swelling, but also cautions about potential side effects and interactions. The article serves as a basic informational resource for consumers.
https://www.ebsco.com/research-starters/nutrition-and-dietetics/rhubarb-dietary-supplement – This EBSCO research starter provides an overview of rhubarb as a dietary supplement, covering its traditional uses and potential health benefits. It highlights rhubarb's role in treating constipation and other gastrointestinal issues, as well as its potential effects on cholesterol levels. The article serves as an introductory resource for understanding rhubarb's applications in nutrition and dietetics.