PAEONIA ALBIFLORA ROOT EXTRACT
Also known as: Paeonia albiflora root extract, White peony root, Bai shao, Chinese peony, TGP (total glucosides of paeony), Paeonia lactiflora root extract
Overview
Paeonia lactiflora root extract, also known as white peony root or bai shao, is derived from the dried roots of the *Paeonia lactiflora* plant, native to East Asia. It is a herbal extract widely used in traditional Chinese medicine for its anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties. The extract contains glycosides, primarily paeoniflorin, albiflorin, and benzoylpaeoniflorin, which are considered its key active compounds. Traditionally, it has been used to treat inflammation, autoimmune diseases, and to improve blood flow. Research suggests potential benefits in managing rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus. While the evidence is growing, more rigorous, randomized controlled trials are needed to confirm its efficacy and safety. It is available in various forms, including capsules, tinctures, and powders, often used as an adjunctive therapy.
Benefits
Paeonia lactiflora root extract has shown potential benefits, particularly for autoimmune conditions. In rheumatoid arthritis (RA), TGP (total glucosides of paeony) adjuvant therapy has been found to reduce hepatic adverse effects and leukopenia compared to non-TGP therapy (RR = 0.31 for hepatic effects, RR = 0.41 for leukopenia). For systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), TGP combined with conventional treatments has demonstrated superiority in reducing disease activity, as measured by SLEDAI scores. Secondary benefits may include improved blood flow and pain relief. These benefits are primarily observed in patients with autoimmune diseases like RA and SLE, with significant reductions in disease activity and adverse effects. Benefits are typically observed within months of treatment initiation, although the exact time course is not well-documented.
How it works
Paeonia lactiflora root extract exerts its effects primarily through immunomodulation and anti-inflammatory mechanisms. The extract's active compounds, such as paeoniflorin, interact with biological pathways like IRAK1-NF-κB, which are crucial in regulating immune responses. By modulating these pathways, the extract can suppress excessive inflammation and balance immune function. While the exact mechanisms are still under investigation, it is believed that paeoniflorin, a major active component, plays a significant role in these pharmacological effects. The extract's interaction with the immune system potentially affects multiple organ systems, contributing to its therapeutic effects in autoimmune diseases.
Side effects
Paeonia lactiflora root extract is generally considered safe, but more rigorous studies are needed to fully assess its safety profile. Common side effects, occurring in more than 5% of users, may include diarrhea and digestive upset. Uncommon side effects, affecting 1-5% of users, can include infections, gastrointestinal reactions, and dizziness. Rare side effects are not well-documented. There is potential for drug interactions, particularly with immunosuppressive drugs, although these interactions have not been extensively studied. It is contraindicated in pregnancy and nursing due to a lack of safety data. Caution is advised in patients with compromised immune systems. It's important to consult with a healthcare provider before use, especially if you have pre-existing health conditions or are taking other medications.
Dosage
Due to limited research, a minimum effective dose and maximum safe dose of Paeonia lactiflora root extract are not well-established. Optimal dosage ranges typically vary by study and are often used in combination with other therapies. It is available in various forms, including capsules, tinctures, and powders. Bioavailability may vary based on extraction methods. As an adjunctive therapy, timing considerations are not clearly defined. It is crucial to consult with a healthcare provider to determine an appropriate dosage based on individual health status and specific therapeutic goals. There are no specified required cofactors for its use.
FAQs
Is Paeonia lactiflora root extract safe to use during pregnancy or breastfeeding?
No, it is contraindicated during pregnancy and breastfeeding due to a lack of safety data. Consult with a healthcare provider for alternative options.
Can Paeonia lactiflora root extract replace my conventional medications for autoimmune diseases?
No, it is not a replacement for conventional treatments. It should be used under medical supervision as an adjunctive therapy to complement your existing treatment plan.
What are the expected results from taking Paeonia lactiflora root extract?
It may help reduce disease activity in autoimmune conditions like rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus. However, individual results may vary, and it's essential to manage expectations.
How should I take Paeonia lactiflora root extract?
It is typically taken orally, but specific timing is not established. Consult with a healthcare provider for personalized recommendations on dosage and administration.
Are there any known drug interactions with Paeonia lactiflora root extract?
There is potential for interactions with immunosuppressive drugs, but these have not been extensively studied. Inform your healthcare provider about all medications you are taking.
Research Sources
- https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33771151/ – This meta-analysis of 3680 rheumatoid arthritis (RA) participants found that TGP (total glucosides of paeony) adjuvant therapy reduces hepatic adverse effects and leukopenia compared to non-TGP therapy. The study suggests that TGP can be a beneficial addition to RA treatment, but the authors note that more rigorous studies are needed to strengthen the evidence. The quality of evidence was assessed as moderate.
- https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35173622/ – A systematic review and meta-analysis involving 978 SLE participants showed that TGP plus conventional treatments reduces SLE disease activity. While the findings suggest a positive effect, the authors cautioned that the included studies had a high risk of bias. The overall quality of evidence was rated as moderate to low, highlighting the need for more robust research.
- https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/pharmacology/articles/10.3389/fphar.2022.834947/full – This systematic review highlights the anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects of TGP. The review emphasizes the potential of TGP in treating various inflammatory conditions, but also points out the lack of high-quality randomized controlled trials (RCTs). The quality of evidence was considered moderate, indicating the need for further rigorous research.
- https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/pharmacology/articles/10.3389/fphar.2022.932874/full – This article discusses the various pharmacological effects of paeoniflorin, a major active component of Paeonia lactiflora. It highlights the potential therapeutic applications of paeoniflorin in various diseases due to its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and neuroprotective properties. Further research is needed to fully elucidate the mechanisms of action and clinical efficacy of paeoniflorin.
- https://www.healthline.com/health/white-peony-root – This Healthline article provides a general overview of white peony root, also known as Paeonia lactiflora. It discusses its traditional uses in Chinese medicine for treating inflammation and improving blood flow. The article also mentions potential side effects and cautions, emphasizing the need for further research to confirm its efficacy and safety.
