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Phellodendron Bark Extract

Also known as: Amur cork tree, Huang Bai, *Phellodendron amurense*

Overview

*Phellodendron amurense* is a tree native to East Asia, specifically known for its bark, which has been utilized in traditional Chinese medicine for centuries. The bark is rich in alkaloids, particularly berberine, which is credited with various health benefits, including anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and anticancer properties. Moderate amounts of research have explored the effects of this extract on conditions like cancer, although the quality and rigor of these studies vary significantly. Its prominent applications are primarily focused around its anticancer activity, especially against types such as prostate, lung, and breast cancer. However, many studies are preliminary and often lack high-quality clinical trials to validate their findings.

Benefits

The primary documented benefit of *Phellodendron amurense* is its anticancer effect, showing efficacy particularly against prostate, lung, and breast cancer cells through mechanisms like apoptosis induction and cell cycle arrest. Additionally, its anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties could be beneficial to populations experiencing these conditions. However, the strength of evidence for its overall effectiveness in humans is still under debate, with more rigorous clinical studies required to establish clear benefit outcomes and specific effect sizes. Some findings have indicated tolerability in patients undergoing cancer treatments, but further investigation is necessary to determine meaningful clinical significance.

How it works

The mechanism by which *Phellodendron amurense* exhibits its effects includes the inhibition of cancer cell proliferation and induction of apoptosis. The extract modulates various biological pathways, notably NF-kB and p53, regulating processes associated with cancer growth and survival. Alkaloids such as berberine may also play a role in immune system modulation, suggesting that *Phellodendron amurense* interacts with several cellular pathways critical for immune and cancer responses.

Side effects

While *Phellodendron amurense* is generally viewed as safe, its side effects are not well-documented, particularly in long-term use. Common potential side effects may include gastrointestinal upset. There is insufficient data on rare or uncommon effects, indicating a lack of comprehensive safety profiles. Caution is advised for individuals taking medications, especially blood thinners or diabetes medications, due to possible interactions involving the alkaloids present in the extract. Pregnant and breastfeeding women should avoid this supplement due to the limited safety data available in these populations. Overall, it is important to consult with health care providers before using the supplement.

Dosage

Currently, there are no established minimum effective doses of *Phellodendron amurense* for specific health benefits. In traditional practices, it has been utilized without a definitive dosage guideline. The optimal dosage ranges are also unspecified, and its forms of administration commonly include decoctions or extracts. Due to the lack of sufficient research on absorption factors and maximum safe doses, more defined guidelines are necessary.

FAQs

Is *Phellodendron amurense* safe to use?

Generally considered safe when used as directed, but caution is advised, especially for those on medications.

What conditions can benefit from *Phellodendron amurense*?

It may be beneficial for cancer patients and those with inflammatory conditions, though more research is needed.

Can I take it while pregnant or breastfeeding?

No, due to insufficient safety data, it is not recommended for use during pregnancy or breastfeeding.

How does it interact with other medications?

It may interact with blood thinners and diabetes medications; consult a healthcare provider before use.

What should I expect from using this supplement?

Effects can vary greatly; results may depend on individual health conditions and require more research.

Research Sources

https://cancer.uthscsa.edu/node/4406 – This source discusses the safety and tolerability of *Phellodendron amurense* extract in prostate cancer patients, noting that while well-tolerated, specific efficacy outcomes have not been definitively reported.
https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1729/12/5/767 – Research indicates that *Phellodendron amurense* extracts can inhibit cancer cell proliferation through mechanisms like apoptosis and cell cycle arrest, underscoring its anticancer potential.
https://www.dlsu.edu.ph/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/Sustainability-Environment-and-Energy.pdf – The document details various medicinal properties of *Phellodendron amurense*, particularly focusing on the immune-modulating effects of berberine and other alkaloids found in the extract.