Standardized Astragalus Extract
Also known as: Huang Qi, Milk Vetch, Astragalus Root, Astragalus Extract, Astragalus Propinquus, Astragalus membranaceus
Overview
Astragalus membranaceus is a perennial plant native to China, Mongolia, and Korea, deeply rooted in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) for its immunomodulatory properties and potential health benefits. The roots are harvested for their rich content of bioactive compounds, including polysaccharides, flavonoids, alkaloids, and saponins, with astragaloside IV being a significant active ingredient. Historically, it has been utilized to enhance immune system functionality, improve physical performance, and effectively manage various health issues such as immune-related disorders, arthritis, and cancer. Research supports its role as an immunomodulator, showing moderate to high quality evidence for its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects, although variability in study designs and sample sizes highlights the need for cautious interpretation of findings.
Benefits
Astragalus is particularly renowned for its immunomodulatory effects, which significantly lower pro-inflammatory cytokines like IL-2, IL-4, and TNF-α; a systematic review reported a Standardized Mean Difference (SMD) of -2.8765 (p < 0.0001) for these effects. Additionally, it shows potential for enhancing physical performance, notably among athletes, evidenced by observed increases in vigor and time to exhaustion, although the data remains mixed. Beyond immunity, astragalus exhibits anti-inflammatory properties, reducing blood uric acid levels in arthritis models and enhancing chemotherapy efficacy for cervical cancer patients when combined with traditional treatments. These benefits are particularly pronounced in athletes and cancer patients, warranting tailored approaches for their specific health needs.
How it works
Astragalus functions through various biological pathways primarily by modulating immune responses. It reduces pro-inflammatory cytokines while enhancing cellular immune markers, such as the CD4/CD8 ratio. Additionally, it addresses inflammation and oxidative stress, positively influencing cardiovascular and renal systems by improving blood circulation and minimizing systemic toxicity. The active component, astragaloside IV, specifically inhibits xanthine oxidoreductase, thereby facilitating uric acid metabolism and contributing to its therapeutic effects in managing arthritis.
Side effects
Astragalus is generally considered safe when consumed appropriately, though comprehensive long-term safety data is limited. Mild gastrointestinal disturbances, such as nausea and diarrhea, may affect over 5% of users but are typically infrequent. Uncommon side effects may include allergic reactions, with severe cases being rare. Caution is advised when using astragalus alongside immunosuppressive drugs and chemotherapy agents due to potential drug interactions. Furthermore, individuals with autoimmune diseases should use this supplement judiciously, and pregnant or breastfeeding women are encouraged to consult their healthcare providers due to insufficient safety data.
Dosage
The commonly recommended dosages of standardized astragalus extract range from 500 mg to 2 grams per day, tailored especially for its immunomodulatory effects. A daily intake of 1-2 grams is frequently adopted, though country-specific guidelines may differ. While a definitive maximum safe dose is not established, doses beyond 2 grams should be approached with caution due to sparse evidence regarding safety at higher levels. Astragalus can be taken at any time of day, but consistent intake is essential to maximize its benefits, with formulations primarily available in capsule or tablet form. Notably, the bioavailability of active compounds is influenced by different extraction methods.
FAQs
Is Astragalus safe to use?
Generally, yes. However, individuals with autoimmune diseases or those on immunosuppressive medications should proceed with caution and consult a healthcare provider.
How should I take Astragalus?
Astragalus can be taken daily in capsule or tablet form, with consistent dosing recommended for optimal benefits.
What benefits can I expect from using Astragalus?
Users may experience enhanced immune function, improved physical performance, and potentially better outcomes in cancer treatment when coupled with chemotherapy.
Are there any misconceptions about Astragalus?
It is not a cure-all and should be incorporated into a treatment plan under healthcare guidance, especially in conjunction with other therapies.
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