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Standardized Rosemary Extract

Also known as: Rosmarinus officinalis L., Rosemary, Garden Rosemary

Overview

Rosemary (*Rosmarinus officinalis L.*) is a perennial herb native to the Mediterranean region, widely recognized for its aromatic leaves and potential health benefits. It is commonly used in culinary applications and as a dietary supplement. The standardized extract is valued for its cognitive-enhancing and antioxidant properties, primarily attributed to compounds like carnosic acid and rosmarinic acid. Traditionally, rosemary has been used to improve memory and overall cognitive function. Research on rosemary extract is growing, with studies focusing on its cognitive benefits. The available evidence is primarily based on animal studies and some human trials, with systematic reviews and meta-analyses providing insights into its cognitive-enhancing effects. More human trials are needed to fully understand its effects. Rosemary extract is available in various forms, including capsules, powders, and liquid extracts, with standardized extracts preferred for consistency in active compound concentrations. It is sourced from the leaves of the rosemary plant and is often processed to concentrate the beneficial compounds.

Benefits

Rosemary extract has demonstrated cognitive-enhancing effects in animal models, particularly in tasks related to memory and learning, with standardized mean difference (SMD) indicating significant improvements in cognitive function. Human studies suggest potential benefits for cognitive performance, though results are less consistent. The antioxidant properties of rosemary may contribute to overall health benefits, although specific outcomes are less well-documented. Cognitive benefits appear most pronounced in animal models of cognitive impairment. Further research is needed to determine the onset and duration of cognitive benefits in humans. The extract may also possess anticancer effects, as suggested by some studies, but more research is needed to confirm these findings.

How it works

Rosemary's active compounds may influence neurotransmitter systems and antioxidant pathways, potentially enhancing cognitive function. The extract interacts with the nervous system, possibly improving memory and cognitive processes. Compounds like carnosic acid may act as antioxidants, protecting against oxidative stress. Rosemary extract's mechanism of action involves modulation of various biological pathways, including those related to neurotransmitter activity and oxidative stress. The bioavailability of rosemary compounds varies, with some studies suggesting that certain compounds are well-absorbed when ingested. Further research is needed to fully elucidate the mechanisms of action and bioavailability of rosemary extract.

Side effects

Rosemary extract is generally considered safe when consumed in typical dietary amounts. Common side effects include gastrointestinal upset and allergic reactions in some individuals. Uncommon side effects may include potential interactions with certain medications. Rare side effects include seizures, which have been reported in rare cases with high doses. Rosemary extract may interact with blood thinners and diabetes medications. It is contraindicated in pregnancy and breastfeeding due to potential effects on hormones. Caution is advised for individuals with epilepsy or those taking certain medications. High doses or prolonged use should be approached with caution due to potential side effects. Individuals with known allergies to rosemary or other herbs in the Lamiaceae family should avoid rosemary extract.

Dosage

The minimum effective dose of rosemary extract is not well-established, but typically ranges from 100 to 500 mg per day. Optimal dosage ranges vary based on specific health goals, and more research is needed to determine optimal dosing. Generally, doses up to 1,000 mg per day are considered safe, though individual tolerance may vary. There are no specific timing recommendations, but rosemary extract may be taken with meals to reduce gastrointestinal side effects. Standardized extracts are preferred for consistency. Bioavailability may be enhanced with fatty meals. No specific cofactors are required. It is important to consult with a healthcare professional before starting rosemary extract, especially if you have underlying health conditions or are taking medications.

FAQs

Is rosemary extract safe to use with other medications?

Rosemary extract may interact with blood thinners and diabetes medications. Consult with a healthcare professional before use, especially if you are taking other medications.

Who should avoid taking rosemary extract?

Pregnant and breastfeeding women should avoid rosemary extract due to potential effects on hormones. Individuals with epilepsy or known allergies to rosemary should also avoid it.

When is the best time to take rosemary extract?

Rosemary extract can be taken at any time, ideally with meals to reduce potential gastrointestinal side effects. There are no specific timing recommendations.

What are the expected cognitive benefits of rosemary extract?

Cognitive benefits may vary; more research is needed to confirm consistent effects in humans. Rosemary extract is not a cure-all for cognitive decline, and its effects require further study.

Are there any misconceptions about rosemary extract?

Rosemary is not a cure-all for cognitive decline; its effects are more nuanced and require further study. High doses or prolonged use should be approached with caution.

Research Sources

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35170682/ – This systematic review and meta-analysis examined the effects of rosemary extract on cognitive function in animal models of cognitive deficit. The study found that rosemary extract improved cognitive function in these models, suggesting potential benefits for memory and learning. However, the authors note that more human trials are needed to confirm these findings.
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8851910/ – This systematic review provides a comprehensive overview of rosemary's health benefits, including its antioxidant and potential anticancer effects. The review highlights rosemary's ability to scavenge free radicals and reduce oxidative stress, which may contribute to its overall health-promoting properties. While the review focuses on broader health benefits, it provides a foundation for understanding rosemary's potential cognitive effects.
https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/8/11/731 – This systematic review and meta-analysis investigates the cognition-enhancing effects of rosemary (*Rosmarinus officinalis L.*) in lab animal studies. The review uses robust statistical methods to analyze cognitive benefits. The study concludes that standardized rosemary extract shows cognitive-enhancing effects, but notes the limited human data.
https://www.bjournal.org/article/cognition-enhancing-effect-of-rosemary-rosmarinus-officinalis-l-in-lab-animal-studies-a-systematic-review-and-meta-analysis/ – This article is a systematic review and meta-analysis that examines the cognition-enhancing effect of rosemary (*Rosmarinus officinalis L.*) in lab animal studies. The study uses robust statistical methods to analyze cognitive benefits. The study concludes that standardized rosemary extract shows cognitive-enhancing effects, but notes the limited human data.
https://academic.oup.com/jas/article/99/9/skab237/6346706 – This study investigates the effects of rosemary supplementation on growth performance, carcass traits, and antioxidant status in broiler chickens. The results indicate that rosemary supplementation can improve antioxidant status and growth performance in broilers. While not directly related to human cognition, this study supports rosemary's antioxidant properties.