Superpure Propolis Extract
Also known as: Propolis, Bee glue, Bee propolis
Overview
Propolis is a resinous substance collected by bees from tree buds and sap, which they use to seal and protect their hives. It is a complex mixture of compounds, including flavonoids, phenolic acids, and terpenes, known for its antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties. Propolis is available in various forms, such as ointments, extracts, and lozenges, and is sourced directly from beehives. It is commonly used to treat cold sores, oral mucositis, and potentially in managing diabetes. Research on propolis is ongoing, with studies exploring its therapeutic potential in various diseases. However, the quality of evidence varies, and more rigorous clinical trials are needed to establish its efficacy and safety across different conditions. While generally considered safe, propolis can cause allergic reactions in some individuals, especially those allergic to bee products.
Benefits
Propolis may improve blood sugar control in individuals with diabetes by reducing oxidative stress, although the effects are generally small. Studies have shown that it can accelerate the healing of cold sores and reduce oral mucositis, particularly in individuals undergoing cancer treatments. Additionally, propolis exhibits potential anti-cancer properties, especially in breast cancer, by inducing apoptosis and autophagy in cancer cells. The effect sizes of these benefits are generally moderate, with significant effects observed in some studies but not consistently across all populations. The time course of benefits varies depending on the condition being treated. While promising, further research is needed to confirm these benefits and determine optimal usage guidelines.
How it works
Propolis exerts its effects through multiple biological pathways. Its antioxidant activity helps to neutralize free radicals, reducing oxidative stress. It also possesses anti-inflammatory properties, modulating immune responses. At the molecular level, propolis can induce apoptosis and autophagy in cancer cells by targeting caspase 3, PARP, LC3-II, and p62. Propolis may interact with liver enzymes, potentially affecting drug metabolism, and can influence blood clotting. However, limited data is available regarding its absorption and bioavailability, which may vary based on the extract composition and delivery method.
Side effects
Propolis is generally considered safe when used appropriately, but it can cause allergic reactions, especially in individuals with known allergies to bee products. Common side effects include allergic reactions and mouth irritation. Drug interactions may occur with medications metabolized by CYP3A4, and propolis may decrease the effects of warfarin. It is contraindicated in individuals with known allergies to bee products. Caution is advised in pregnant or breastfeeding women due to limited safety data. It is important to monitor for allergic reactions and drug interactions when using propolis. Due to the potential for allergic reactions, proper allergy testing is recommended before use, particularly for those with a history of bee product allergies.
Dosage
The minimum effective dose of propolis is not well-established and varies depending on the condition being treated. Typical dosage ranges are 0.5% to 3% for topical applications, while oral doses vary widely. The maximum safe dose is not well-defined. There are no specific timing recommendations for propolis administration. Propolis is available in various forms, including ointments, extracts, and lozenges. The bioavailability of propolis may be influenced by the form and composition of the extract. No specific cofactors are required for propolis to be effective. It is important to follow product instructions or consult a healthcare provider for appropriate dosage and usage guidelines.
FAQs
How should I test for allergies before using propolis?
Apply a small amount of propolis to an area of skin and monitor for any signs of allergic reaction, such as redness, itching, or swelling. If any reaction occurs, discontinue use immediately.
Can propolis be used with other medications?
Propolis may interact with medications metabolized by CYP3A4 and decrease the effects of warfarin. Consult with a healthcare provider before using propolis with other medications.
What are the expected results when using propolis?
The expected results vary depending on the condition being treated. Propolis may help accelerate the healing of cold sores, reduce oral mucositis, and improve blood sugar control in individuals with diabetes.
Is propolis a cure-all?
No, propolis is not a cure-all. It should be used under medical supervision for specific conditions and is not a substitute for conventional medical treatments.
Research Sources
- https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1729/15/5/764 – This systematic review examined the effects of propolis extracts on diabetic animals. The review found that propolis reduced oxidative stress and improved lipid profiles, suggesting potential benefits for diabetes management. However, the authors noted methodological limitations in the included studies.
- https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/15347354221096868 – This in vitro study investigated the effects of propolis on breast cancer cells. The study demonstrated that propolis inhibited cancer cell proliferation by inducing apoptosis and autophagy, indicating its potential as an adjunctive therapy for breast cancer. The molecular targets included caspase 3, PARP, LC3-II, and p62.
- https://www.webmd.com/vitamins/ai/ingredientmono-390/propolis – This WebMD article provides a general overview of propolis, including its uses, benefits, and safety information. It mentions that propolis ointments have been used to accelerate the healing of cold sores, although the evidence is largely observational. The article also highlights the potential for allergic reactions in some individuals.
- https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/13/8/2528 – This research article likely discusses the nutritional aspects and potential health benefits of propolis. Further review of the full text would be needed to provide a more detailed summary of its key findings.
- https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36170859/ – This study likely investigates the effects of propolis on a specific health condition or biological process. A review of the abstract and full text would be necessary to provide a detailed summary of the study's methodology and significant findings.
