Sweet Wormwood Flowering Aerial Parts Extract
Also known as: Sweet Wormwood, Qinghao, *Artemisia annua* L.
Overview
*Artemisia annua*, commonly known as Sweet Wormwood, is a plant native to Asia recognized for its medicinal properties, particularly its use as an antimalarial. The flowering aerial parts of this plant are extracted to produce supplements. It is best known for containing artemisinin, a potent compound effective against malaria. While its primary application has been linked to malaria treatment, contemporary research has begun exploring its potential benefits in addressing obesity-related conditions and providing antioxidant effects. The body of evidence supporting its use for malaria is robust, whereas the research concerning other benefits is still emerging, indicating a moderate level of research maturity in this field.
Benefits
The most significant and well-established benefit of *Artemisia annua* is its antimalarial effect due to artemisinin, which has shown substantial efficacy in reducing malaria parasites. Additionally, recent animal studies suggest this extract may help reduce oxidative stress and improve hormonal balance in conditions related to obesity. Although potential antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-cancer properties have been reported, they require more extensive human trials for confirmation. Individuals with malaria and obesity-related issues may specifically benefit from these effects. The evidence quality for its antimalarial properties is strong, while evidence for other benefits is still variable.
How it works
The primary mechanism through which *Artemisia annua* exerts its antimalarial effects is through the action of artemisinin, which targets the heme synthesis pathway in malaria parasites, disrupting their function. This interaction primarily influences the liver and immune systems, enhancing the body’s ability to combat the infection. Its antioxidant effects may involve modulation of various oxidative stress pathways, further supporting cellular health.
Side effects
Although generally considered safe when used properly, *Artemisia annua* can produce side effects, particularly at high doses or with prolonged use. Common side effects occurring in more than 5% of users include nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. Uncommon reactions (1-5%) may include dizziness and allergic reactions, while severe allergic reactions and liver damage are rare (<1%). This extract may interact with anticoagulants and certain antibiotics, necessitating caution in individuals taking these medications. It is contraindicated during pregnancy and breastfeeding due to potential adverse effects on fetal development. Additionally, individuals with liver or kidney disease should exercise caution when using this supplement.
Dosage
The minimum effective dose for treating malaria typically ranges from 500 mg to 1 g of artemisinin daily, with variations depending on specific health conditions. While optimal dosages for other potential benefits are not firmly established, caution is advised when exceeding the recommended dosages for malaria treatment. It is generally taken with meals to mitigate gastrointestinal side effects. Forms such as capsules or tablets are commonly used, and absorption may improve when taken with meals high in fats. At this time, no specific cofactors are identified as necessary for efficacy.
FAQs
How do I ensure I have the correct extract?
It is crucial to verify the identity of the plant and the extraction method to ensure the purity and efficacy of the supplement.
Is it safe for pregnant or breastfeeding women?
No, *Artemisia annua* is not recommended for pregnant or breastfeeding individuals due to safety concerns.
When should I take it for the best results?
To minimize side effects, it is best taken with meals.
When can I expect results from its use?
Patients may experience rapid effects in treating malaria, while other benefits may take longer to manifest.
Is it effective for all health issues?
No, while it has specific benefits, it should not be viewed as a cure-all; effects are condition-dependent.
Research Sources
- https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/25/19/4415 – This study reviews the antimalarial effects of artemisinin derived from *Artemisia annua*, highlighting its high efficacy against malaria and discussing its mechanisms of action.
- https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37127141/ – This animal study investigates the effects of *Artemisia annua* extract on high-fat diet-induced oxidative stress and hormonal balance, indicating potential benefits for obesity-related health issues, although human trials are necessary.
- https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31232939/ – An in vitro study reporting the antioxidant activity of *Artemisia annua* extracts, suggesting potential benefits for conditions related to oxidative stress, though human validation is required.