Tongkat Ali Standardized Extract
Also known as: Eurycoma longifolia Jack, Tongkat Ali, Pasak Bumi, Malaysian Ginseng, Eurycoma longifolia
Overview
Tongkat Ali, scientifically known as *Eurycoma longifolia*, is a flowering plant native to Southeast Asia. It has been traditionally used for its purported health benefits, particularly in male health and vitality. Standardized extracts, typically water-soluble, are derived from the plant's roots and contain bioactive quassinoids such as eurycomanone. Research suggests that Tongkat Ali may influence testosterone levels, body composition, and sexual health in men. While several randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and systematic reviews support these effects, more extensive, long-term studies are needed to solidify the evidence. The quality of available evidence is considered moderate, with some heterogeneity and potential for bias noted in existing studies. It is often marketed as an adaptogen and testosterone modulator.
Benefits
The primary benefit of Tongkat Ali is its potential to enhance testosterone levels, particularly in men with hypogonadism. A meta-analysis of 5 RCTs (n=232) demonstrated a significant increase in total testosterone (SMD = 1.352, 95% CI 0.565 to 2.138, p = 0.001), with the most pronounced effect observed in men with baseline testosterone levels below 300 ng/dL. The average effect size in hypogonadal men was 1.9. Secondary benefits, such as improvements in body composition, mood, and sexual function, have been reported, but the evidence supporting these effects is less robust. Effects are typically observed within 2–12 weeks of supplementation, with some studies extending up to 6 months.
How it works
Tongkat Ali is believed to stimulate the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis, leading to increased luteinizing hormone (LH) production, which in turn stimulates testosterone synthesis. The quassinoids present in Tongkat Ali, such as eurycomanone, exhibit androgenic activity in vitro. The primary interaction is with the endocrine system, specifically testosterone regulation, with potential secondary effects on muscle mass and mood. Androgen receptors, LH receptors, and possibly cortisol modulation are known molecular targets. Standardized water-soluble extracts are orally bioavailable, but detailed pharmacokinetic data in humans remain limited.
Side effects
Tongkat Ali is generally well-tolerated in clinical trials, with no serious adverse events reported. Common side effects, occurring in more than 5% of users, may include mild gastrointestinal upset and, rarely, insomnia. Uncommon side effects, affecting 1-5% of users, may include headache and restlessness. Data on rare side effects (less than 1%) are limited. No significant drug interactions have been reported, but caution is advised when using Tongkat Ali in conjunction with other hormone-modulating agents. It is contraindicated in pregnancy and lactation due to a lack of safety data. Use is not recommended for children or adolescents, and there is insufficient data to support its use in women.
Dosage
The minimum effective dose of Tongkat Ali standardized extract is 100 mg/day. The optimal dosage range is typically between 100 and 600 mg/day, using a standardized water-soluble extract. A maximum safe dose has not been definitively established, but doses up to 600 mg/day have been used in clinical trials without serious adverse effects. It is typically taken once daily, with or without food. Standardized water-soluble extracts are preferred for consistency and bioavailability. Food may affect absorption, but data are limited. No specific cofactors are required for its effectiveness.
FAQs
Is Tongkat Ali safe?
Tongkat Ali is generally safe, with mild GI upset possible. Serious adverse events are rare in clinical trials. However, it is contraindicated in pregnancy and lactation.
When and how should I take Tongkat Ali?
Tongkat Ali is typically taken once daily, with or without food. Standardized water-soluble extracts are preferred for optimal absorption and consistent results.
How long does it take to see results?
Effects are most significant in men with low testosterone and may take 2–12 weeks to become noticeable. Individual results can vary.
Is Tongkat Ali a steroid?
No, Tongkat Ali is not a steroid. It is a herbal supplement that may modestly increase testosterone levels, particularly in hypogonadal men.
Research Sources
- https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9415500/ – This systematic review and meta-analysis of 5 RCTs (n=232) found a significant increase in total testosterone with Tongkat Ali supplementation, particularly in hypogonadal men. The study followed PRISMA guidelines and assessed data from studies lasting between 2 weeks and 6 months, but noted limitations including heterogeneity and risk of bias.
- https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36013514/ – This study investigated the effects of Tongkat Ali on testosterone levels. The findings suggest a positive correlation between Tongkat Ali supplementation and increased testosterone, particularly in individuals with lower baseline levels, highlighting its potential as a natural testosterone booster.
- https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/14/11/4372 – This research article explores the potential benefits of Tongkat Ali, focusing on its bioactive compounds and their mechanisms of action. The study provides insights into how Tongkat Ali may influence hormonal balance and overall health, supporting its traditional use as a medicinal plant.
- https://magistralbr.caldic.com/storage/product-files/445511096.pdf – This document provides product information and specifications for a Tongkat Ali extract. It includes details on the extract's composition, standardization, and potential applications, offering valuable insights for formulators and researchers interested in using Tongkat Ali in dietary supplements.
- https://examine.com/supplements/tongkat-ali/ – Examine.com's systematic review of Tongkat Ali research, verified with primary sources, analyzed 5 RCTs (n=232) and found a large effect size in hypogonadal men (1.9) but a nonsignificant effect in men with normal testosterone. The review noted publication bias and variability in dosing and extract standardization as limitations.
Recommended Articles
Milk Thistle & Liver Health: The Role of Silymarin
Silymarin in milk thistle significantly supports liver health by providing antioxidant properties and therapeutic effects on liver diseases.
Rhodiola Supplements: Effective Ingredients & Levels
Rhodiola rosea supplements should be standardized to 3% rosavins for stress management efficacy.
Mushroom Supplement Extraction: Enhancing Potency
Extraction is essential to unlock the full potency of certain mushroom supplements like Reishi, Cordyceps, and Lion's Mane.
Top Ingredients for Liver Health: What You Need to Know
Key ingredients that support liver health include silymarin from milk thistle, omega-3 fatty acids, and various antioxidants, offering protection and improved liver function.