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Tribulus terrestris Fruit Extract

Also known as: Tribulus terrestris, Gokshura, Puncture Vine, Caltrop

Overview

Tribulus terrestris is a plant used in traditional medicine, primarily known for its purported diuretic, tonic, and aphrodisiac properties. It is marketed as a supplement to enhance testosterone levels and improve athletic performance, although scientific evidence supporting these claims is limited. The plant's fruits and aerial parts are the primary sources used in supplements. Research on Tribulus terrestris is ongoing, with studies examining its effects on fertility, lipid profiles, and various health biomarkers. However, the quality and consistency of the evidence vary, necessitating cautious interpretation of the findings. It contains compounds like furostanol saponins, which are thought to contribute to its biological activity. While generally considered safe, more comprehensive research is needed to fully understand its long-term effects and potential interactions.

Benefits

Tribulus terrestris has shown potential benefits in several areas, although the strength of evidence varies. Studies suggest it may improve sperm concentration and motility in men with fertility issues. Research indicates that it can improve lipid profiles and have moderate beneficial effects on inflammatory and hematological biomarkers in physically active adults. Some studies also suggest potential improvements in erectile function, possibly due to its effects on nitric oxide release. However, evidence supporting its use for increasing testosterone levels or enhancing athletic performance is inconclusive. More high-quality research is needed to confirm these benefits and understand the optimal conditions for their manifestation.

How it works

The exact mechanisms of action of Tribulus terrestris are not fully understood. It is believed to influence nitric oxide release, which may contribute to its effects on vasodilation and erectile function. The plant contains furostanol saponins, which are thought to have biological activity and may interact with the reproductive and cardiovascular systems. However, the specific molecular targets and biological pathways involved are not well-defined. Further research is needed to elucidate the precise mechanisms by which Tribulus terrestris exerts its effects on the body.

Side effects

Tribulus terrestris is generally considered safe, with no significant toxicity reported in most studies. Common side effects are not well-documented, but some individuals may experience mild gastrointestinal issues. Potential but uncommon side effects include allergic reactions or interactions with medications. Rare side effects are not well-documented. Due to potential effects on blood sugar and clotting, Tribulus terrestris may interact with blood thinners or diabetes medications. It is contraindicated in pregnancy and breastfeeding due to a lack of safety data. Caution is advised in individuals with diabetes or bleeding disorders. It is important for individuals to consult with a healthcare professional before using Tribulus terrestris, especially if they have pre-existing medical conditions or are taking other medications.

Dosage

Typical doses of Tribulus terrestris range from 500 mg to 1,000 mg per day, although the optimal dosage varies based on individual health goals and the specific formulation used. There are no specific timing recommendations available. Extracts containing furostanol saponins may be more effective. The bioavailability of Tribulus terrestris is not well-studied. The maximum safe dose is not clearly defined, but doses above 1,000 mg per day are not commonly studied. More research is needed to determine optimal dosing strategies and safety thresholds. It is advisable to start with a lower dose and gradually increase as needed, while monitoring for any adverse effects.

FAQs

Does Tribulus terrestris increase testosterone?

No conclusive evidence supports the claim that Tribulus terrestris significantly increases testosterone levels in humans. Research findings have been inconsistent.

Is it safe for long-term use?

Tribulus terrestris is generally considered safe for short-term use, but long-term effects are not well-studied. More research is needed to assess its safety over extended periods.

Can it improve athletic performance?

There is no strong evidence to support the claim that Tribulus terrestris enhances athletic performance. Studies have not consistently shown significant benefits in this area.

What are the potential benefits for fertility?

Tribulus terrestris may improve sperm quality in men with fertility issues, but more research is needed to confirm these benefits and understand the underlying mechanisms.

Research Sources

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24559105/ – This systematic review of eleven studies found no significant increase in testosterone levels in humans taking Tribulus terrestris. The review highlighted variability in study designs and dosages as limitations, suggesting the need for more standardized research protocols.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35954909/ – This systematic review, encompassing seven studies, indicated that Tribulus terrestris may improve lipid profiles and have moderate effects on inflammatory markers. The authors noted the limited number of studies as a constraint, calling for further investigation to validate these findings.
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1155/2023/7118431 – A meta-analysis of human studies (133 subjects) revealed that Tribulus terrestris may significantly improve sperm concentration and motility. The study also pointed out inconsistent effects on hormone levels, suggesting that the benefits may not be directly linked to hormonal changes.
https://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/10/5/752 – This review explores the potential mechanisms of action of Tribulus terrestris, focusing on its influence on nitric oxide release and the role of furostanol saponins. It suggests that these compounds may interact with the reproductive and cardiovascular systems, but emphasizes the need for further research to fully elucidate the underlying biological pathways.