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Turkey Tail Mushroom Extract

Also known as: Coriolus versicolor, Trametes versicolor, Turkey Tail Mushroom

Overview

Turkey Tail Mushroom, scientifically known as Trametes versicolor or Coriolus versicolor, is a medicinal mushroom recognized for its immune-boosting and antitumor properties. It thrives on dead logs in various countries and has a history of use in traditional Chinese medicine. The mushroom contains bioactive compounds, including polysaccharopeptides (PSK and PSP), phenols, and flavonoids like quercetin and baicalein. These compounds contribute to its health benefits, particularly in supporting immune function and alleviating side effects of chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Research on Turkey Tail Mushroom is extensive, with numerous clinical trials and systematic reviews affirming its efficacy. It is available in various forms, including hot-water extracts and cultured mycelium extracts, each offering different concentrations of bioactive compounds. The quality of available evidence is high, making it a reliable supplement for those seeking immune support and adjunctive cancer care.

Benefits

Turkey Tail Mushroom offers several evidence-based benefits. Its primary benefit lies in enhancing immune system health, with PSK improving survival rates in colorectal cancer patients when combined with chemotherapy. Studies also show antitumor properties, with PSK and CVG inhibiting cancer cell growth. Secondary benefits include improved gut health by nourishing beneficial gut bacteria, antibacterial and antiviral effects against pathogens like *Staphylococcus aureus* and HPV, and potential improvements in athletic performance and insulin resistance. Cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy or radiotherapy particularly benefit from its ability to reduce side effects and improve survival rates. Clinical trials have demonstrated significant reductions in mortality risk in colorectal cancer patients using PSK. Benefits are typically observed over several months of consistent use.

How it works

Turkey Tail Mushroom's immune-potentiating activity is primarily attributed to its proteoglycans, including beta-D-glucans. These compounds stimulate the release of cytokines such as TNFα, IFNγ, and IL-2, enhancing the immune response. The extracts also scavenge free radicals, contributing to their antitumor and immune-boosting effects. Turkey Tail Mushroom extracts interact with the immune system, enhancing its function and helping to restore a depressed immune response due to tumor burden or chemotherapy. The polysaccharopeptides in Turkey Tail Mushroom target various immune cells and cytokines to enhance the immune response. PSK and PSP are orally bioavailable and can be absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract.

Side effects

Turkey Tail Mushroom is generally considered safe, with few reported side effects in research studies. Common side effects include digestive symptoms such as gas, bloating, and dark stools. Uncommon side effects, particularly when used alongside chemotherapy, may include nausea, vomiting, and loss of appetite, although it is unclear if these are directly due to the mushroom or the chemotherapy. A rare side effect is darkening of the fingernails. There is limited evidence on specific drug interactions, but it is recommended to consult with a healthcare provider before using Turkey Tail Mushroom, especially if undergoing chemotherapy or radiotherapy. No specific contraindications are well-documented, but caution is advised for individuals with compromised immune systems or those undergoing medical treatments without consulting a healthcare provider. Pregnant or breastfeeding women should consult their healthcare provider before using Turkey Tail Mushroom supplements due to the lack of specific studies on these populations.

Dosage

The minimum effective dose of Turkey Tail Mushroom varies depending on the specific extract and condition being treated. Clinical studies often use PSK or PSP extracts in doses that are standardized to their polysaccharide content. Typical dosages range from 1-3 grams per day of the dried extract. There is no established maximum safe dose, but high doses are generally well-tolerated. It is often recommended to take the supplement consistently over several months to observe the full benefits. Hot-water extracts of the whole fruiting body or cultured mycelium extracts are commonly used. The bioavailability of the extracts can be influenced by the method of preparation and the presence of other nutrients that may enhance or inhibit absorption. A balanced diet and adequate hydration are recommended for optimal immune function.

FAQs

Is Turkey Tail Mushroom safe to use?

While generally safe, it is important to consult with a healthcare provider before using Turkey Tail Mushroom, especially if undergoing medical treatments or having compromised immune systems.

How should I take Turkey Tail Mushroom for best results?

Consistent daily administration over several months is recommended to observe the full benefits of the supplement. Follow the dosage instructions on the product label or as advised by your healthcare provider.

What benefits can I expect from taking Turkey Tail Mushroom?

Users can expect improved immune function, reduced side effects from chemotherapy or radiotherapy, and potential antitumor effects. However, individual results may vary based on health status.

Can Turkey Tail Mushroom cure cancer?

It is not a cure for cancer but can be used adjunctively to improve treatment outcomes and reduce side effects. It should not replace conventional medical treatment without consulting a healthcare provider.

Are there any side effects I should be aware of?

Common side effects include digestive symptoms such as gas and bloating. If you experience any severe or persistent side effects, discontinue use and consult with your healthcare provider.

Research Sources

https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/turkey-tail-mushroom – This article provides an overview of Turkey Tail Mushroom, highlighting its potential benefits for immune function and cancer treatment. It discusses the bioactive compounds present in the mushroom and their role in promoting health, as well as potential side effects and dosage recommendations.
https://www.cochranelibrary.com/cdsr/doi/10.1002/14651858.CD012053.pub2/full – This systematic review and meta-analysis examined the effects of Coriolus versicolor (Turkey Tail) on colorectal cancer patients. The review found that adding Coriolus versicolor to chemotherapy or radiotherapy reduced side effects and improved survival rates in these patients, suggesting its potential as an adjunct treatment.
https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/turkey-tail-mushroom – This article discusses the potential health benefits of Turkey Tail Mushroom, including its immune-boosting and antitumor properties. It also covers the various ways to consume the mushroom, such as in teas, capsules, and powders, and provides information on potential side effects and precautions.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36445793/ – This study investigates the impact of mushroom extracts on gut microbiota and metabolic health. It highlights that Turkey Tail extract can modify gut bacteria composition by increasing beneficial bacteria and reducing harmful bacteria, which may contribute to improved intestinal symptoms and enhanced immune system function.