Get Your Personalized Supplement StackSupplement Stack Quiz

Advantra Z Citrus Aurantium

Also known as: bitter orange, p-synephrine, Citrus aurantium extract, Citrus aurantium

Overview

Citrus aurantium, commonly known as bitter orange, is derived from a tree native to subtropical regions. The fruit and its peel are processed to extract p-synephrine, a sympathomimetic compound utilized in dietary supplements geared towards weight loss and athletic performance enhancement. While recognized for its stimulant properties, p-synephrine is often considered a safer alternative to ephedrine. Forms of Citrus aurantium include capsules, powders, and extracts, which aim to boost metabolic rates and support weight management. Multiple systematic reviews and meta-analyses have investigated the safety and efficacy of p-synephrine; however, the evidence surrounding its effectiveness for weight loss remains inconsistent. Additionally, the fruit is rich in flavonoids that may contribute to its physiological benefits.

Benefits

The primary benefits of Citrus aurantium supplementation stem from p-synephrine. Evidence shows that, while it may not result in significant weight loss alone, p-synephrine can boost resting metabolic rates and reduce food intake. A systematic review indicated that dosages of about 50 mg resulted in dose-dependent decreases in food consumption and body weight in a study with 16 participants. Moreover, p-synephrine positively influences metabolic markers and cardiovascular responses post-exercise, particularly in overweight individuals or those with healthy metabolisms. Despite these findings, the small to moderate effect sizes and variability in research quality require cautious interpretation of its efficacy in weight management.

How it works

p-Synephrine acts as a sympathomimetic agent through interactions with alpha and beta-adrenergic receptors. This interaction prompts an increase in heart rate, elevated blood pressure, and enhanced metabolic rates by engaging the cardiovascular and nervous systems. It also promotes lipolysis, facilitating the breakdown of fats for energy, thus potentially supporting weight management. Further research is needed to clarify its bioavailability and metabolic pathways.

Side effects

Citrus aurantium is generally deemed safe for healthy adults, though it can lead to significant increases in heart rate and blood pressure, particularly in those with cardiovascular issues. Over 5% of users may encounter common side effects, such as tachycardia and elevated blood pressure; less often, users may experience mild ECG changes, with rare occurrences of other side effects (under 1%). Caution is advised for those taking other stimulants or cardiovascular medications. Contraindications apply to individuals with hypertension, as well as pregnant or breastfeeding women. Overall, thorough safety evaluations are essential to mitigate potential risks.

Dosage

Recommended dosages of p-synephrine generally range from 20 to 50 mg per day, ideally taken before meals or exercise to optimize metabolic effects. Although a minimal effective dose has not been firmly established, existing literature supports effectiveness within this range. Importantly, users should exercise moderation due to the lack of well-defined maximum safe dosage limits. Citrus aurantium is available in capsule and powder forms, which exhibit good absorption without the need for specific co-factors for optimal effectiveness.

FAQs

Is Citrus aurantium safe?

While generally safe, it can increase heart rate and blood pressure; individuals with cardiovascular conditions should use caution.

When should I take Citrus aurantium?

It is recommended to take it before meals or exercise to enhance its metabolic effects.

What results can I expect from using it?

Users may experience increased metabolic rate, reduced food intake, and modest weight loss, though results vary.

Is it effective for weight loss?

Evidence suggests modest effects on weight loss, but it is not considered highly effective compared to other stimulants.

Research Sources

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0899900703000735 – This systematic review examined the safety and efficacy of p-synephrine, highlighting inconsistencies in weight loss results while indicating potential benefits in energy expenditure and fat oxidation at doses of 50 mg. The review emphasized the importance of further research to solidify the understanding of its mechanisms.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4770107/ – This article discusses the pharmacological effects of Citrus aurantium, elaborating on p-synephrine's sympathomimetic properties and its role in appetite suppression and metabolic rate enhancement. It suggests that the existing evidence supports moderate benefits but warrants more comprehensive studies.