Ammonium Succinate
Also known as: Ammonium succinate, Succinic acid ammonium salt, C4H8N2O4
Overview
Ammonium succinate is a salt derived from succinic acid, a naturally occurring compound found in various foods and also produced synthetically. It is primarily marketed as a dietary supplement, particularly for alleviating symptoms associated with menopause. Research suggests it may have a stabilizing effect on mitochondrial function, which is thought to contribute to its therapeutic benefits. While the research on ammonium succinate is somewhat limited, existing studies, including randomized controlled trials, indicate potential positive effects on menopausal symptoms. It is available in various supplement forms, often combined with other ingredients targeting women's health. The quality of available evidence is considered moderate due to the relatively small number of studies and variations in research methodologies.
Benefits
Ammonium succinate has shown potential in alleviating menopausal symptoms. A study involving 125 women experiencing menopause found significant improvements in 13 out of 21 symptoms assessed by the Greene Climacteric Test after three months of using a supplement containing ammonium succinate. These improvements included reductions in hot flashes, mood swings, anxiety, and improved stress resistance. Some evidence also suggests that it may improve psychological state and stress adaptability in peri- and postmenopausal women. However, more research is needed to quantify the effect sizes and fully understand the clinical significance of these benefits.
How it works
The precise mechanism of action of ammonium succinate is not fully elucidated. However, it is hypothesized that it may stabilize mitochondrial function, which could influence energy metabolism and reduce symptoms associated with menopause. By supporting mitochondrial health, ammonium succinate may indirectly affect the endocrine system, influencing hormone-related symptoms. Further research is needed to identify specific molecular targets and fully understand the biological pathways involved in its effects.
Side effects
Ammonium succinate is generally considered safe based on the limited available studies. However, comprehensive data on side effects are lacking. Common, uncommon, and rare side effects are not well-documented in the existing literature. There is no substantial evidence of drug interactions, and no specific contraindications have been clearly established. Due to the lack of extensive safety data, caution is advised, and individuals should consult with a healthcare provider before using ammonium succinate, especially those with pre-existing medical conditions or those taking other medications. Special populations, such as pregnant women and children, should avoid use due to insufficient safety data.
Dosage
Due to limited research, specific dosage guidelines for ammonium succinate are not well-defined. The available study used a supplement containing ammonium succinate, but the exact dosage of ammonium succinate itself was not specified. Continuous use over several months may be necessary to observe potential benefits. It is typically used as part of a dietary supplement formulation. The minimum effective dose and maximum safe dose are not well-established. Users should consult with a healthcare provider to determine an appropriate dosage based on individual health status and needs. More research is needed to establish clear dosage recommendations and safety thresholds.
FAQs
Is ammonium succinate safe?
Ammonium succinate is generally considered safe based on limited studies, but long-term effects are not well studied. Consult a healthcare provider before use.
How long does it take to see results?
Continuous use over several months may be necessary to observe potential benefits in menopausal symptoms. Individual results may vary.
What is ammonium succinate used for?
It is primarily used to alleviate menopausal symptoms such as hot flashes, mood swings, and anxiety. It is not a hormone replacement therapy.
Should I consult a healthcare provider before using it?
Yes, it is recommended to consult a healthcare provider before starting any new supplement, including ammonium succinate, especially if you have pre-existing conditions.
Research Sources
- https://www.menopause.org.au/members/ims-menopause-live/recent-studies-on-natural-alternatives-to-hormone-therapy – This article reviews recent studies on natural alternatives to hormone therapy for managing menopausal symptoms. It highlights the potential benefits of various supplements, including ammonium succinate, in alleviating these symptoms. The review provides a general overview of available evidence, suggesting that natural alternatives may offer relief for some women experiencing menopause.
- https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/12/12 – This source likely contains research related to the use of succinate or its derivatives in various health applications. Further investigation of the specific content within this MDPI publication is needed to provide a more detailed summary of its findings related to ammonium succinate and its effects on menopausal symptoms or other health outcomes. MDPI is a publisher of peer-reviewed, open access journals.
- https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27759458/ – This PubMed entry likely refers to a study investigating the effects of ammonium succinate or related compounds. A detailed review of the study's abstract and full text is necessary to determine the specific research questions, methodologies, and key findings related to the use of ammonium succinate and its potential benefits or mechanisms of action.
- https://www.webmd.com/vitamins/ai/ingredientmono-1267/succinate – This WebMD page provides general information about succinate, including its uses, potential benefits, and safety considerations. It serves as a consumer-friendly resource for understanding the basics of succinate and its role as a dietary supplement. The information should be viewed as a starting point and not a substitute for professional medical advice.
