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Chinese Licorice

Also known as: Glycyrrhiza glabra, Glycyrrhiza uralensis, Chinese Licorice, Licorice Root

Overview

Chinese Licorice, derived from the roots of plants in the *Glycyrrhiza* genus, is a common herb in traditional Chinese and Japanese medicine. It contains glycyrrhizin, a compound with potential therapeutic effects. It is used for various health conditions, including digestive issues, liver diseases, and as an anti-inflammatory agent. Research on Chinese Licorice is moderately mature, with increasing evidence from systematic reviews and meta-analyses. However, the quality of available evidence varies, with some high-quality studies but also variability in study design and outcomes. It is available in forms such as dried root, extracts, and teas.

Benefits

Licorice extracts have demonstrated anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, potentially reducing inflammation and oxidative stress. Studies suggest that licorice may improve liver function and reduce fibrosis markers like TGF-β1. It may also aid in managing ulcerative colitis symptoms. These benefits are particularly relevant for individuals with liver diseases and inflammatory conditions. The effect sizes vary, with some studies showing significant reductions in liver enzymes and fibrosis markers over several weeks to months. However, more research is needed to confirm these findings and determine optimal dosages.

How it works

Chinese Licorice exerts its effects through multiple biological pathways, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and potential modulation of immune responses. It interacts with body systems, affecting liver function, gastrointestinal health, and possibly cardiovascular systems. Glycyrrhizin, a key component, interacts with various receptors and enzymes, influencing cortisol metabolism and inflammation. While glycyrrhizin itself is poorly absorbed, it can be metabolized into more bioavailable compounds, enhancing its therapeutic potential.

Side effects

Chinese Licorice is generally considered safe when used appropriately, but high doses can lead to adverse effects. Common side effects include hypertension, edema, and electrolyte imbalances due to glycyrrhizin's mineralocorticoid activity. Uncommon side effects may include headaches and fatigue. Rare side effects involve severe electrolyte disturbances and cardiac issues. It may interact with diuretics, antihypertensives, and corticosteroids. Contraindications include pregnancy, severe hypertension, and kidney disease. Caution is advised in patients with cardiovascular conditions or those taking certain medications.

Dosage

The minimum effective dose of Chinese Licorice is not well established, but typically ranges from 1 to 5 grams of dried root per day. Optimal dosage ranges vary based on specific health conditions, often between 2 to 4 grams per day. It is generally not recommended to exceed 5 grams per day due to potential side effects. It is best taken with meals to reduce gastrointestinal side effects. When using dried root, extracts, or teas, the glycyrrhizin content should be considered. Bioavailability may be enhanced with certain preparations or when combined with other herbs.

FAQs

Is Chinese Licorice safe?

High doses can lead to hypertension and electrolyte imbalances. Monitor blood pressure and potassium levels when using licorice regularly.

When is the best time to take Chinese Licorice?

It is best taken with meals to minimize gastrointestinal upset and improve absorption.

How long does it take to see results?

Results vary depending on the condition being treated. It may take several weeks to notice benefits.

Is Chinese Licorice a substitute for medical treatment?

No, it is not a substitute for medical treatment and should be used under guidance for specific health conditions.

Research Sources

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35671864/ – A systematic review and meta-analysis on licorice in ulcerative colitis showed promising preclinical results, highlighting its anti-inflammatory potential. The study suggests that licorice may be a beneficial adjunct therapy for managing ulcerative colitis symptoms due to its ability to modulate inflammatory pathways.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39079711/ – A systematic review and meta-analysis evaluating licorice's effect on liver function in patients with primary liver disease found mixed results across various preparations. The study indicates that while some licorice preparations may offer benefits, the overall evidence is inconclusive, and further research is needed to determine the most effective forms and dosages.
https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/21/3768 – A meta-analysis examining licorice's anti-liver fibrosis effects found significant reductions in TGF-β1 and related markers, suggesting potential benefits for liver health. The research supports the use of licorice as a complementary therapy for managing liver fibrosis by targeting key molecular pathways involved in the fibrotic process.
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/ptr.8288?af=R – This study investigates the protective effects of Glycyrrhiza uralensis polysaccharides (GUPs) against alcoholic liver injury in mice. The results suggest that GUPs can alleviate liver damage by modulating oxidative stress and inflammatory responses, indicating a potential therapeutic role for GUPs in preventing alcohol-induced liver injury.
https://www.scielo.br/j/cta/a/8BkTCwd3yPd43tqdpQ3f9NQ/ – This review discusses the potential health benefits of licorice, focusing on its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial properties. It highlights the traditional uses of licorice in treating various ailments and explores the scientific evidence supporting its therapeutic effects, emphasizing the need for further research to fully understand its mechanisms of action and clinical applications.