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Hopps Extract

Also known as: Hop, hops extract, 8-prenylnaringenin, 8-PN, Humulus lupulus L.

Overview

Hop extract is derived from the female flowers (cones) of the hop plant, Humulus lupulus L. Traditionally known for its use in brewing, it has gained significant attention in scientific research due to its potent phytoestrogenic properties. The key active compound is 8-prenylnaringenin (8-PN), which is recognized as one of the most powerful plant-derived estrogens. This extract is primarily investigated for its efficacy in alleviating menopausal vasomotor symptoms (VMS), such as hot flashes and night sweats, and for its potential role in supporting bone health in postmenopausal women. Research on hop extract, including randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and systematic reviews, indicates its potential as a natural alternative for managing menopausal discomfort. The evidence quality is moderate, with several well-conducted studies supporting its benefits.

Benefits

Hop extract offers several evidence-based benefits, particularly for postmenopausal women. Its primary benefit lies in alleviating menopausal vasomotor symptoms (VMS), including hot flashes and night sweats. A 2016 systematic review and meta-analysis of RCTs demonstrated that hop extract significantly reduces both the frequency and intensity of these symptoms in postmenopausal women aged 40-60 with elevated FSH and menstrual irregularities. This effect was statistically significant compared to placebo, positioning hop extract as a viable phytoestrogenic alternative to hormone replacement therapy (HRT). Furthermore, a 2021 double-blind RCT involving 78 women with moderate to severe menopausal symptoms showed that a combined soy and hop extract (190 mg) significantly improved overall symptoms, including fatigue, paresthesia, arthralgia, myalgia, palpitations, and vaginal dryness, after 12 weeks. Beyond symptom relief, a 2023 study suggested that hop extract, standardized for 8-PN, may have beneficial effects on bone health in postmenopausal women with osteopenia, indicating its potential in preventing osteoporosis-related bone loss by supporting bone density through its estrogenic activity.

How it works

The primary mechanism of action for hop extract revolves around its active compound, 8-prenylnaringenin (8-PN). 8-PN functions as a potent phytoestrogen, meaning it can bind to and activate estrogen receptors in the body, particularly estrogen receptor alpha (ERα). By mimicking the effects of endogenous estrogens, 8-PN helps to modulate estrogen-responsive pathways. This interaction is crucial for alleviating menopausal symptoms, which are often caused by declining estrogen levels. The estrogenic effect of 8-PN also extends to bone metabolism, where it can influence processes that reduce bone resorption and promote bone formation, thereby contributing to bone health. The bioavailability of 8-PN is considered adequate for achieving clinical effects, though absorption can vary depending on the specific formulation of the extract.

Side effects

Overall, hop extract is considered well-tolerated, with clinical trials reporting no serious adverse events. Common side effects are rare, mild, and typically include minor gastrointestinal discomfort or, in sensitive individuals, allergic reactions. Importantly, studies have not observed significant changes in endometrial thickness or systemic hormone profiles, suggesting a low risk of estrogen-related adverse effects commonly associated with more potent estrogenic compounds. While no major drug interactions have been extensively documented, caution is advised when combining hop extract with other estrogenic therapies, hormone replacement therapies, or medications that may interact with estrogen pathways. Contraindications include individuals with known hormone-sensitive cancers (e.g., certain breast or ovarian cancers) or conditions where estrogenic activity is undesirable, unless under strict medical supervision. Pregnant or breastfeeding women should also avoid use due to insufficient safety data.

Dosage

Effective dosages of hop extract, as observed in clinical trials, typically range around 190 mg of a standardized extract. This dosage is often found in formulations combined with other phytoestrogens, such as soy extract. For optimal and consistent efficacy, it is crucial that the hop extract is standardized to its active compound, 8-prenylnaringenin (8-PN). The duration of treatment in studies where significant symptom improvement was observed generally ranged from 6 to 12 weeks. While the timing of administration is flexible, adherence to a consistent daily dosing regimen is recommended to ensure sustained benefits. There are no clearly established upper limits or safety thresholds beyond the studied dosages, but users should always adhere to product label instructions and consult with a healthcare professional, especially for prolonged use or higher doses.

FAQs

Is hop extract safe for long-term use?

Current evidence supports safety for up to 12 weeks of use. Data on longer-term safety are limited, so consultation with a healthcare provider for extended use is recommended.

Can hop extract replace hormone replacement therapy?

Hop extract may serve as a safer alternative for managing mild to moderate menopausal symptoms, but it is generally less potent than conventional hormone replacement therapy (HRT).

How soon do benefits appear?

Symptom improvement with hop extract is typically observed within 6 to 12 weeks of consistent daily use, as indicated by clinical studies.

Are there any risks of cancer?

No evidence suggests an increased risk of cancer with hop extract. However, caution is advised for individuals with hormone-sensitive cancers, and medical consultation is recommended.

Research Sources

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27105715/ – This systematic review and meta-analysis from 2016 evaluated randomized controlled trials on hop extract for menopausal vasomotor symptoms. It concluded that hop extract significantly reduces the frequency and intensity of hot flashes and night sweats in postmenopausal women aged 40-60, supporting its efficacy as a phytoestrogenic alternative to HRT. The study highlighted the need for more standardized research.
https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/abs/10.1089/acm.2021.0027 – This 2021 double-blind randomized controlled trial investigated a combined soy and hop extract in 78 women with moderate to severe menopausal symptoms. The study found a significant improvement in symptoms, as measured by the modified Kupperman Menopausal Index, after 12 weeks compared to placebo, with no serious adverse events reported. It suggests the combination is safe and effective.
https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/15/12/2688 – A 2023 study explored the effects of hop extract standardized for 8-PN on bone health in postmenopausal women with osteopenia. The research indicated beneficial effects on bone metabolism markers, suggesting a potential role for hop extract in preventing osteoporosis-related bone loss. This preliminary study supports the estrogenic activity of 8-PN in maintaining bone density.