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Horny Goat Weed Aerial Plant Extract

Also known as: Epimedium sagittatum, Epimedium brevicornu, Epimedium pubescens, Yin Yang Huo, Fairy Wings, Rowdy Lamb Herb, Barrenwort, Bishop's Hat, Horny Goat Weed

Overview

Horny Goat Weed is an herbal supplement derived from the *Epimedium* genus of plants, primarily recognized for its use in traditional Chinese medicine. Its primary bioactive compound, icariin, is implicated in a variety of health benefits, most notably as an aphrodisiac and a potential treatment for erectile dysfunction (ED). Traditionally believed to enhance libido and sexual health, Horny Goat Weed is also explored for other uses such as improving bone health, particularly among postmenopausal women, and exhibiting possible cardiovascular benefits. Despite its long history of use, the current body of research predominantly comprises animal studies and *in vitro* analyses, with human trials remaining limited and of generally low quality.

Benefits

Horny Goat Weed has several proposed benefits, most notably for erectile dysfunction due to the action of icariin in inhibiting phosphodiesterase-5 (PDE-5), akin to sildenafil. Although human evidence is limited, some findings suggest that it can improve sexual function in men. In postmenopausal women, it has shown potential to enhance bone mineral density when taken with calcium supplements. Additionally, preliminary studies indicate cardiovascular and neuroprotective effects, but definitive human studies are necessary to confirm these benefits. Overall, current evidence primarily supports its use in sexual health and bone health for specific populations.

How it works

Horny Goat Weed exerts its effects mainly through the inhibition of phosphodiesterase-5 (PDE-5), which promotes smooth muscle relaxation and increases blood flow, especially to erectile tissue. This action is facilitated by the activation of nitric oxide synthase, leading to enhanced nitric oxide production. The interaction involves cardiovascular and hormonal systems, making it potentially beneficial for conditions related to blood flow and sexual function.

Side effects

Horny Goat Weed is generally considered safe for short-term use; however, long-term safety remains unclear. Common side effects include abdominal discomfort and nausea, experienced by more than 5% of users. Less frequent side effects can include skin rashes and abnormal heart rhythms, especially in conjunction with other supplements or medications. Although rare, some cases of severe breathing problems have been reported. Caution is advised in individuals taking antihypertensives, anticoagulants, or other medications metabolized by UDP-glucuronosyltransferase. Pregnant individuals should avoid Horny Goat Weed due to potential risks to the fetus. Postmenopausal women should be aware of possible estrogen level increases.

Dosage

The effective dose of Horny Goat Weed is not well-established, but a study used a daily intake of 60mg of icariin to demonstrate benefits for bone health. Estimated effective dosages for human use, based on animal studies, range from 11 to 180mg per day of icariin, reflecting body weight differences. The maximum safe dosage is not clearly defined, and caution is warranted at higher doses due to the possibility of adverse effects. Standardized extracts ensuring consistent icariin content are recommended to optimize absorption; co-ingestion with lactase inhibitors may further enhance icariin bioavailability.

FAQs

Is Horny Goat Weed safe to use?

Generally, it is considered safe for short-term use, but monitor for any side effects or interactions, particularly if taking other medications.

How long does it take to see results?

Results can vary widely; evidence from human studies is limited, so individual responses may differ significantly.

Can I take Horny Goat Weed with other supplements?

Use caution when combining Horny Goat Weed with other supplements, especially those affecting cardiovascular or hormonal systems.

What are the recommended dosages?

Recommended dosages typically range from 11 to 180mg of icariin per day, but specific dosing needs should be discussed with a healthcare professional.

Is Horny Goat Weed effective for erectile dysfunction?

Icariin shows promise for ED by acting similarly to PDE-5 inhibitors, but strong human evidence is still lacking.

Research Sources

https://examine.com/supplements/horny-goat-weed/ – This source provides a comprehensive overview of the effects and uses of Horny Goat Weed, highlighting its potential benefits in sexual health and osteoporosis.
https://examine.com/supplements/horny-goat-weed/research/ – This page reviews various studies on Horny Goat Weed, discussing its efficacy, safety, and the limitations of existing research, particularly in the context of erectile dysfunction.
https://www.webmd.com/vitamins/ai/ingredientmono-699/horny-goat-weed – WebMD outlines the uses, effectiveness, and potential side effects of Horny Goat Weed, drawing attention to its historical context and current application.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32358510/ – This study explores the pharmacokinetics of icariin, detailing its metabolism and suggesting that co-ingestion with absorption enhancers could improve bioavailability.
https://medlineplus.gov/druginfo/natural/699.html – MedlinePlus offers a concise summary of Horny Goat Weed, detailing its uses, effectiveness, and safety profile, emphasizing the need for caution with usage.