Kiwi Seed Extract
Also known as: Kiwi seed extract, Kiwifruit seed extract, Actinidia deliciosa seed extract
Overview
Kiwi seed extract is derived from the seeds of the kiwifruit (Actinidia deliciosa), a botanical source rich in dietary fiber, polyphenols, and other bioactive compounds. It is primarily utilized as a dietary supplement to support gastrointestinal health, particularly for the alleviation of functional constipation and improvement of bowel function. Research on kiwi seed extract, often studied in conjunction with whole kiwifruit or other kiwifruit extracts, indicates its potential to increase bowel movement frequency and improve stool consistency. While the evidence base includes randomized controlled trials and meta-analyses, specific high-quality studies focusing solely on isolated seed extract are limited. The overall quality of evidence is moderate to low, suggesting beneficial effects but highlighting the need for further targeted research.
Benefits
The primary benefit of kiwi seed extract, largely inferred from studies on whole kiwifruit and its extracts, is the increased frequency of spontaneous bowel movements (SBM) in individuals with functional constipation or irritable bowel syndrome with constipation (IBS-C). Meta-analyses have reported statistically significant improvements, with weighted mean differences ranging from approximately 0.07 to 0.26 stools per day (p < 0.001). It also shows promise in improving stool consistency, as measured by the Bristol Stool Scale. Secondary benefits, though less consistently reported, include a reduction in abdominal pain and straining during defecation. These effects are primarily observed in adults with functional constipation or IBS-C, with limited data for pediatric populations. While the effect sizes are modest, they are considered clinically meaningful for constipation relief, with benefits typically observed within 2 to 8 weeks of consistent supplementation.
How it works
Kiwi seed extract is believed to exert its beneficial effects primarily through its rich content of dietary fiber and various bioactive compounds. The fiber contributes to increased stool bulk and water retention within the colon, which in turn stimulates bowel motility and facilitates easier passage of stool. Beyond its fiber content, the extract may also influence the composition and activity of the gut microbiota, leading to a healthier gut environment that supports improved gastrointestinal function. While specific molecular targets are still under investigation, it is thought to interact with intestinal smooth muscle and modulate microbiota-related pathways to enhance bowel regularity.
Side effects
Kiwi seed extract and kiwifruit products are generally well tolerated. Common side effects are rare, with mild gastrointestinal symptoms such as bloating or gas occurring in a small percentage of users (typically less than 5%). These symptoms are usually transient and mild. There have been no significant drug interactions or contraindications reported in the scientific literature specifically for kiwi seed extract. However, individuals with a known allergy to kiwifruit should exercise caution, as allergic reactions are possible, though uncommon. Overall, the safety profile is considered favorable, especially when consumed within typical dietary amounts or recommended supplement dosages.
Dosage
Optimal dosing for isolated kiwi seed extract is not yet firmly established due to limited specific research. However, studies on whole kiwifruit or broader kiwifruit extracts, from which the seed extract's benefits are largely extrapolated, typically involve consumption equivalent to 2-3 kiwifruits per day. For standardized extracts, doses used in clinical trials vary. For constipation relief, consistent daily intake is recommended, and the timing of consumption is generally flexible. Benefits are typically observed within 2 to 8 weeks of regular use. There are no clearly defined upper limits or safety thresholds specifically for kiwi seed extract, but adherence to product-specific recommendations is advised.
FAQs
Is kiwi seed extract safe for long-term use?
Current evidence suggests safety for short-term supplementation and typical dietary amounts. Long-term safety data specifically for isolated kiwi seed extract are limited, so consult a healthcare professional for extended use.
How soon can results be expected?
Improvements in bowel movements and stool consistency are generally observed within 2 to 8 weeks of consistent daily supplementation.
Can kiwi seed extract replace laxatives?
It may serve as a natural alternative or adjunct for mild constipation. However, it should not replace prescribed medical treatments or laxatives without professional medical advice.
Research Sources
- https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11521643/ – This systematic review and meta-analysis investigated the effects of kiwifruit and its extracts on constipation. It found that kiwifruit significantly increased spontaneous bowel movement frequency and improved stool consistency in patients with constipation, with moderate certainty of evidence. The study highlighted some heterogeneity and the need for more specific data on isolated seed extracts.
- https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9560827/ – This systematic review and meta-analysis, which included 5-6 RCTs, concluded that kiwifruit and its extracts significantly improved SBM frequency and stool consistency in individuals with constipation. The certainty of evidence was moderate, and the review noted the limited data specifically on seed extract versus whole fruit.
- https://biomedpharmajournal.org/vol17no2/a-systematic-review-and-meta-analysis-of-kiwifruits-impact-on-functional-constipation/ – This systematic review and meta-analysis of 5 RCTs found a significant improvement in defecation frequency (p=0.0008, WMD=0.07) with kiwifruit consumption. However, the quality of evidence was assessed as low due to a small number of studies and limited sample sizes, indicating a need for larger, high-quality RCTs.
- https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1155/2022/7596920 – This article, likely a systematic review or meta-analysis, contributed to the understanding of kiwifruit's impact on constipation. It supported the findings that kiwifruit consumption can lead to increased bowel movement frequency and improved stool consistency, though specific details on seed extract were limited.
- https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/nutrition/articles/10.3389/fnut.2022.1018502/full – This systematic review and meta-analysis, encompassing 11 RCTs, demonstrated that kiwifruit intake significantly increased stool frequency (MD=0.26, p<0.0001) compared to controls. The study acknowledged variability in designs and some risk of bias, but overall provided moderate quality evidence for kiwifruit's efficacy in constipation.
Supplements Containing Kiwi Seed Extract
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