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Mesua Extract

Also known as: Mesua ferrea Linn., Ironwood, Cobra Saffron, Nagakesara, Mesua ferrea

Overview

*Mesua ferrea*, commonly known as Ironwood or Cobra Saffron, is a tree native to Southeast Asia. It has a rich history in traditional medicine, where various parts of the plant, particularly the flowers and seeds, are used for their medicinal properties. Modern research is increasingly focused on its potential anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and neuroprotective effects. The plant is rich in secondary metabolites, which contribute to its therapeutic applications. While traditionally used as an antiseptic, antidote, and brain tonic, current research explores its benefits in managing conditions like neurodegenerative diseases and diabetes. Most studies are preclinical or small-scale human trials, indicating that more extensive research is needed to fully understand its benefits and safety profile. *Mesua ferrea* extracts are commonly prepared using ethanol, and the quality of available evidence is still emerging.

Benefits

Preclinical studies suggest that *Mesua ferrea* possesses anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and neuroprotective properties. These effects may be beneficial for individuals with neurodegenerative diseases or those seeking natural anti-inflammatory agents. Specifically, research indicates potential in managing diabetes, improving cognitive function, and modulating the immune system. A study demonstrated neuroprotective effects by inhibiting acetylcholinesterase and reducing amyloid-beta aggregation, suggesting potential as an Alzheimer's treatment. However, human data is limited, and more research is needed to confirm these benefits and determine optimal dosages and long-term effects.

How it works

*Mesua ferrea*'s mechanism of action involves several biological pathways, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective pathways. It interacts with the nervous and immune systems, potentially modulating their functions. At the molecular level, it has been shown to inhibit acetylcholinesterase and reduce amyloid-beta aggregation, which are relevant in the context of neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's. However, the absorption and bioavailability of its active compounds are not extensively studied, and further research is needed to fully elucidate its mechanisms of action.

Side effects

Generally, *Mesua ferrea* is considered safe at moderate doses, but high doses may lead to liver enzyme elevations. Common side effects are not well-documented, but there is a potential for gastrointestinal upset. Uncommon side effects include mild liver enzyme elevations at high doses. Due to limited safety data, *Mesua ferrea* is contraindicated during pregnancy and breastfeeding. Caution is advised for individuals with pre-existing liver conditions. Potential interactions with medications metabolized by the liver should also be considered. Monitoring liver enzymes is recommended when using high doses or in individuals with liver issues.

Dosage

The minimum effective dose of *Mesua ferrea* is not yet established for specific health benefits. Preclinical studies use various concentrations, and human dosing is not standardized. Subacute toxicity studies in rats suggest a No Observed Adverse Effect Level (NOAEL) of 500 mg/kg. Due to the lack of human studies, it is important to consult with a healthcare provider before use. Ethanol extracts are commonly used in research, but absorption factors are not well-studied. More research is needed to determine optimal dosage ranges and timing considerations for different health applications.

FAQs

Is *Mesua ferrea* safe to use?

Generally considered safe at moderate doses, but high doses may affect liver function. Monitor liver enzymes and consult a healthcare provider before use.

What are the potential benefits of *Mesua ferrea*?

Preclinical studies suggest anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and neuroprotective effects. More research is needed to confirm these benefits in humans.

Can I take *Mesua ferrea* with other medications?

Potential interactions with medications metabolized by the liver exist. Consult a healthcare provider before use, especially if taking other medications.

What is the recommended dosage of *Mesua ferrea*?

Human dosing is not standardized. Consult a healthcare provider for personalized recommendations. Preclinical studies use various concentrations.

Research Sources

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33207941/ – A subacute toxicity study in rats found that the ethanolic extract of *Mesua ferrea* flowers was safe up to 500 mg/kg. Mild liver effects were observed at higher doses, suggesting a need for caution when using high concentrations of the extract. The study provides valuable insights into the safety profile of *Mesua ferrea*.
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6686118/ – This review highlights the phytopharmacological attributes of *Mesua ferrea*, including its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and immunomodulatory properties. It suggests potential therapeutic applications for the plant in various conditions. The review underscores the need for further research to fully explore and validate these properties.
https://www.japsonline.com/admin/php/uploads/2249_pdf.pdf – This study focuses on the anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities of *Mesua ferrea*. The findings suggest that the plant extract possesses significant anti-inflammatory effects, potentially mediated through the inhibition of inflammatory mediators. The research supports the traditional use of *Mesua ferrea* for managing inflammatory conditions.
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9556856/ – This study investigates the antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of *Mesua ferrea*. The results indicate that the plant extract exhibits strong antioxidant activity and antimicrobial effects against various pathogens. The research highlights the potential of *Mesua ferrea* as a natural source of antioxidants and antimicrobial agents.
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10217178/ – This research explores the neuroprotective effects of *Mesua ferrea* and its potential as a treatment for Alzheimer's disease. The study demonstrates that *Mesua ferrea* can inhibit acetylcholinesterase and reduce amyloid-beta aggregation, both of which are key factors in Alzheimer's pathology. The findings suggest that *Mesua ferrea* may offer a promising therapeutic approach for managing neurodegenerative diseases.