Get Your Personalized Supplement StackSupplement Stack Quiz

Molibdeno

Also known as: Molybdenum, Mo, Molibdeno, Molybdène

Overview

Molybdenum is an essential trace element that serves as a cofactor for various enzymes involved in critical metabolic processes. It is naturally found in foods like legumes, grains, and nuts. Its primary role is in the metabolism of sulfur-containing amino acids and the detoxification of sulfites. Molybdenum functions as a component of enzymes such as sulfite oxidase, xanthine oxidase, and aldehyde oxidase, which are vital for sulfur metabolism and the breakdown of certain compounds. Deficiency is rare in healthy individuals, and supplementation is typically only considered in cases of diagnosed deficiency or specific medical conditions. Research primarily focuses on its biochemical functions rather than clinical outcomes, with evidence quality being good for biochemical roles but limited for clinical applications.

Benefits

Molybdenum is essential for the proper functioning of enzymes involved in sulfur metabolism. There is limited evidence on specific clinical benefits from supplementation in healthy individuals, as deficiencies are rare. Some studies suggest that molybdenum may improve glucose homeostasis when consumed in biofortified foods, but more research is needed to confirm these findings. Individuals with conditions like Crohn's disease may benefit from molybdenum supplementation if they are at risk of deficiency due to malabsorption. The clinical significance of molybdenum supplementation is generally low in healthy populations due to the rarity of deficiency.

How it works

Molybdenum functions as a cofactor for several enzymes, including sulfite oxidase, xanthine oxidase, and aldehyde oxidase. These enzymes are crucial for the metabolism of sulfur-containing amino acids and the detoxification of sulfites. Sulfite oxidase, in particular, catalyzes the conversion of sulfite to sulfate, which is then excreted in the urine. Molybdenum is absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract and distributed throughout the body, where it participates in these enzymatic reactions. Its role in these processes is essential for maintaining metabolic health.

Side effects

Molybdenum is generally considered safe at recommended dietary intake levels. Common side effects are not reported at typical dietary levels. High doses may cause gastrointestinal disturbances. Acute toxicity is rare but can occur with very high doses. Molybdenum may interact with certain medications, such as tetracyclines, by reducing their absorption. Individuals with kidney disease should be cautious due to potential accumulation. It is important to adhere to recommended dosage guidelines to minimize the risk of adverse effects. No well-documented contraindications exist, but caution is advised in individuals with pre-existing medical conditions.

Dosage

The optimal dosage range for molybdenum is typically 45-120 mcg per day for adults. The maximum safe dose is generally considered to be up to 2 mg per day. There are no specific timing recommendations for molybdenum supplementation. Ammonium molybdate is used in some medical contexts. Absorption is generally good but may be affected by dietary factors. Molybdenum is generally not needed as a supplement unless there is a diagnosed deficiency or specific medical condition. It is important to adhere to recommended dosage guidelines to minimize the risk of adverse effects.

FAQs

Is molybdenum supplementation necessary for healthy individuals?

Molybdenum is generally not needed as a supplement for healthy individuals unless there is a diagnosed deficiency or specific medical condition. A balanced diet typically provides sufficient molybdenum.

Are there any safety concerns with molybdenum supplementation?

High doses of molybdenum can lead to adverse effects, but typical dietary intake is safe. It is important to adhere to recommended dosage guidelines to minimize the risk of adverse effects.

When is the best time to take molybdenum supplements?

There are no specific timing recommendations for molybdenum supplementation. It can be taken at any time of day, preferably with food to enhance absorption.

What are the expected results from molybdenum supplementation?

No significant clinical benefits are expected in healthy individuals. Supplementation is primarily beneficial for those with a diagnosed deficiency or specific medical condition.

What is the role of molybdenum in the body?

Molybdenum plays a crucial role in the metabolism of sulfur-containing amino acids and the detoxification of sulfites. It functions as a cofactor for several enzymes involved in these processes.

Research Sources

https://lpi.oregonstate.edu/mic/minerals/molybdenum – This article from the Linus Pauling Institute provides a comprehensive overview of molybdenum, including its functions, dietary sources, and potential health effects. It highlights molybdenum's role as a cofactor for enzymes involved in sulfur metabolism and detoxification processes. The article also discusses the rarity of molybdenum deficiency and the potential risks associated with excessive intake.
https://academic.oup.com/jas/article/91/12/5714-5723/4717149 – This research explores the impact of molybdenum on animal physiology, focusing on its role in enzyme function and overall health. It details how molybdenum contributes to various metabolic pathways and its importance in maintaining physiological balance. The study underscores the necessity of adequate molybdenum levels for optimal animal health and productivity.
https://academic.oup.com/nutritionreviews/article-abstract/18/2/54/2671815 – This abstract discusses the biochemical functions of molybdenum and its role in human health. It emphasizes molybdenum's importance as a cofactor for enzymes involved in sulfur metabolism and detoxification. The review provides insights into the metabolic pathways influenced by molybdenum and its significance in maintaining overall health.
https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/14/7/1351 – This study investigates the potential health benefits of molybdenum-biofortified foods. It suggests that consuming foods enriched with molybdenum may improve glucose homeostasis. The research highlights the potential of dietary strategies to enhance molybdenum intake and its subsequent impact on metabolic health.
https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/14/5/e078053 – This case report documents a patient with Crohn's disease who developed a molybdenum deficiency due to inadequate supplementation in total parenteral nutrition. The patient's condition improved with molybdenum supplementation, highlighting the importance of adequate molybdenum intake in individuals with malabsorption issues. The report underscores the need for careful monitoring and supplementation in vulnerable populations.