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Organic Cordyceps Mushroom

Also known as: Cordyceps, Caterpillar Fungus, Dong Chong Xia Cao, Cordyceps sinensis, Ophiocordyceps sinensis, Cordyceps militaris

Overview

Cordyceps is a genus of fungi, with *Cordyceps militaris* and *Cordyceps sinensis* being the most researched. Traditionally, it has been used in traditional Chinese medicine to enhance immune function and improve physical performance. These fungi naturally grow on insects, but are now cultivated on substrates like oats or rice. Cordyceps is rich in bioactive compounds such as beta-glucans and cordycepin, contributing to its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory properties. Research on cordyceps includes animal studies, human trials, and systematic reviews, indicating a moderate to high level of research maturity. While some high-quality systematic reviews and meta-analyses exist, more rigorous human trials are needed to validate certain benefits.

Benefits

Cordyceps demonstrates several evidence-based benefits. It enhances immune function by activating macrophages and natural killer cells, as shown in mice studies. It also exhibits anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects, reducing inflammation and oxidative stress in animal models of arthritis and asthma. Some studies suggest potential benefits for heart health, such as reducing triglycerides, though more human research is needed. Additionally, a small human study indicated that cordyceps may reduce muscle damage and improve recovery after high-intensity exercise. *Ophiocordyceps sinensis* may be beneficial as an adjuvant treatment for dialysis patients, improving various health parameters. Cordyceps used as an adjunct to immunosuppressant therapy may improve kidney function and reduce proteinuria, hyperuricemia, hyperlipidemia, and hyperglycemia in kidney transplant patients.

How it works

Cordyceps acts through multiple biological pathways. It activates macrophages and natural killer cells, induces mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways, and enhances cytokine production, including IL-6 and TNF-α. It interacts with the immune system by modulating both cellular and humoral immunity. Cordyceps also exhibits antioxidant effects by inhibiting superoxide anions and hydroxyl radicals. Cordycepin, a key component, has demonstrated anti-tumor and immunomodulatory effects. The bioavailability of cordyceps compounds can vary depending on the preparation method, with cultured cordyceps on substrates like oats potentially enhancing absorption compared to natural sources.

Side effects

Cordyceps is generally considered safe based on traditional use and modern toxicological studies. Animal studies have shown no acute or subchronic oral toxicity at high doses (up to 2000 mg/kg bw/day). However, human data on side effects is limited. Potential side effects may include allergic reactions, though these are rare and not well-documented. Cordyceps may interact with immunosuppressant therapies, but it is generally used as an adjunct rather than a replacement. Pregnant or breastfeeding women should use cordyceps with caution due to limited research in these populations. Caution is advised in patients with known allergies or sensitivities. More human research is needed to fully understand potential side effects and interactions.

Dosage

The optimal dosage of cordyceps varies depending on the intended use and individual factors. Typically, dosages range from 1-3 grams per day, but this is based on limited human research. Animal studies indicate safety up to 20 g/kg for 14 days, but human data is lacking to confirm this upper limit. There are no specific timing recommendations, and cordyceps can be taken at any time of day. Cultured cordyceps on oats or other substrates may be more bioavailable than natural sources. Bioavailability can be enhanced by proper preparation and cultivation methods. Consistency in dosing is recommended. More studies are needed to confirm optimal dosing.

FAQs

Is cordyceps safe to use?

Cordyceps is generally considered safe, but more human research is needed to fully understand potential side effects and interactions. Consult with a healthcare professional before use.

When is the best time to take cordyceps?

Cordyceps can be taken at any time of day. Consistency in dosing is recommended to achieve the best results. Follow the dosage guidelines provided by a healthcare professional.

What are the expected benefits of taking cordyceps?

Potential benefits may include improved immune function, reduced inflammation, and enhanced antioxidant activity. Individual results can vary, and cordyceps is not a cure-all.

Can cordyceps be used with other treatments?

Cordyceps can be used as an adjunct to other treatments, but it is not a replacement for conventional medical care. Consult with a healthcare professional before combining cordyceps with other therapies.

Research Sources

https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/toxicology/articles/10.3389/ftox.2024.1469348/full – This toxicological assessment in rats and mice found no acute or subchronic oral toxicity observed up to 2000 mg/kg bw/day. The study also identified no genotoxic potential, suggesting a high level of safety based on OECD guidelines. These findings support the traditional use of Cordyceps and provide a foundation for further human trials to confirm its safety profile.
https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/pharmacology/articles/10.3389/fphar.2024.1360997/full – This systematic review and meta-analysis examined the effects of *Ophiocordyceps sinensis* preparation as an adjuvant treatment for dialysis patients. The analysis of 35 RCTs involving 2,914 patients showed improvements in various health parameters, suggesting potential benefits. However, the review noted heterogeneity among studies and a moderate risk of bias due to poor reporting of methods, indicating a need for better quality evidence.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK92758/ – This is a general resource about herbs and natural supplements. It provides background information on cordyceps, including its traditional uses and potential health benefits. It highlights the need for more rigorous human trials to confirm some of the reported benefits.
https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/cordyceps-benefits – This article summarizes the potential health benefits of cordyceps, including its effects on exercise performance, anti-aging properties, and potential anti-cancer effects. It emphasizes the need for more research to confirm these benefits and determine optimal dosages.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28137532/ – This systematic review and meta-analysis focused on kidney transplant patients, examining the effects of cordyceps as an adjunct to immunosuppressant therapy. The analysis of 9 studies showed improvements in kidney function, reduced proteinuria, and lowered the incidence of hyperuricemia, hyperlipidemia, and hyperglycemia. The review noted poor reporting of methods and a moderate risk of bias, indicating a need for better quality evidence.