Schisandrins
Also known as: Schisandrin, Dibenzocyclooctadiene lignans, Schisandra chinensis lignans, Schisandrin B
Overview
Schisandrins are a group of lignans primarily derived from the fruit of *Schisandra chinensis*, a traditional Chinese herb known for its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and potential therapeutic properties. The most researched member, Schisandrin B, is noted for its biphasic effects on lipid metabolism, depending on dosage and duration of use. Schisandrins are being studied for their potential benefits in liver and cardiovascular health, though research is predominantly preclinical and further clinical trials are required to establish their efficacy and safety in humans. The compounds are found in various forms, including herbal extracts and supplements, with a growing interest in their antioxidant and anticancer activities.
Benefits
Schisandrin B has exhibited several beneficial effects, particularly antihyperlipidemic properties in animal studies, where low-dose administration has shown promise. Additionally, it may provide protective effects against osteoporosis by activating the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Populations with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and those at risk for osteoporosis may particularly benefit from Schisandrin B. However, the clinical significance of these effects in humans remains unclear, necessitating large-scale clinical trials to better understand the range of benefits and the time course for their manifestation.
How it works
Schisandrin B functions through modulation of several biological pathways, mainly acting as an antioxidant to reduce oxidative stress and inflammation. It influences lipid metabolism by interacting with liver cells to reduce lipid accumulation and may promote bone health through the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Key molecular targets include Nrf2 and PI3K/AKT, critical for regulating oxidative stress and metabolic processes.
Side effects
Schisandrin B generally demonstrates a favorable safety profile based on traditional use; however, comprehensive safety assessments in large-scale human trials are lacking. Common side effects have not been well documented; potential gastrointestinal upset has been noted but infrequently. Drug interactions may occur, particularly with medications that affect liver function and metabolism. Special caution is advised for populations such as pregnant and lactating women due to the insufficient data on safety. Individuals with liver disease or those on liver-affecting medications should approach with caution.
Dosage
No established minimum effective dose exists for Schisandrin B in humans, but animal studies indicate potential effectiveness at low doses around 10 mg/kg/day for specific benefits. Optimal dosage ranges and maximum safe dosage are not well defined in humans. Timing considerations are absent, and the compound is typically consumed as part of herbal extracts or dietary supplements. Absorption effects may vary between formulations and individual characteristics. Safety thresholds and upper limits are yet to be determined.
FAQs
What should I consider before taking Schisandrin supplements?
Consult your healthcare provider, especially if you have liver conditions or are taking medications.
Is Schisandrin safe for everyone?
Generally considered safe but lacks extensive human safety data; exercise caution in vulnerable populations.
When is the best time to take Schisandrin?
No specific timing is recommended; follow product instructions.
What benefits can I expect from Schisandrin?
Potential benefits include liver health support and osteoporosis prevention, but human data is limited.
Are Schisandrins approved treatments for any conditions?
No, Schisandrins are still under investigation; their therapeutic benefits are not yet clinically validated.
Research Sources
- https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1155/2016/6171658 – This study highlights the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of Schisandrin B, suggesting its potential for ameliorating conditions like NAFLD, emphasizing the need for human trials.
- https://www.archivesofmedicalscience.com/Involvement-of-PI3K-Akt-catenin-signaling-in-schisandrin-B-mitigated-bone-deterioration,112755,0,2.html – Research indicates that Schisandrin B can mitigate osteoporosis by activating critical signaling pathways in an animal model, indicating its potential applicability in human osteoporosis treatment.
- https://www.researchgate.net/publication/383940801_Effects_of_Schisandrae_Fructus_alone_or_in_combination_in_viral_hepatitis_treatment_A_systematic_review_and_meta-analysis_of_randomized_controlled_trials – A systematic review analyzing the effects of Schisandrae Fructus, including Schisandrin, on liver diseases, pointed to its potential benefits in hepatitis treatment while acknowledging the need for more robust clinical trials.
- https://actaspsiquiatria.es/index.php/actas/article/download/1680/2572/6609 – This publication discusses Schisandrin's role in reducing lipid levels and its protective effects on the liver in light of existing preclinical research.
- https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/09731296231216171 – The study reviews the pharmacological effects of Schisandrin, stressing its antioxidative properties and mechanisms related to lipid metabolism, inviting further inquiry into human applications.